益普索-全球30个市场的公众如何行动应对气候问题（英文）-2021.4-34页_1mb

Summary of "PERILS OF PERCEPTION" Report

Core Content

The "PERILS OF PERCEPTION" report by Ipsos, conducted in 30 markets, highlights significant misperceptions about the effectiveness of individual actions in combating climate change. Despite high levels of concern and belief in understanding what to do, many people hold incorrect beliefs about which actions have the greatest impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Main Findings

1. Public Perception vs. Actual Impact of Actions

• Misunderstanding of Impact: People generally underestimate the most impactful climate actions and overestimate the least impactful ones.
• Top Actions Perceived vs. Actual:
  • Perceived Most Impactful: Recycling, buying energy from renewable sources, replacing a typical car with an electric or hybrid.
  • Actual Most Impactful: Avoiding long-distance flights, not having a car, having one fewer child.

2. Green Actions and Their Perceived Effectiveness

• Recycling as much as possible:
  • Perceived: 59%
  • Actual Rank: 7th
  • Carbon Savings: 0.2
• Buying energy only from renewable sources:
  • Perceived: 49%
  • Actual Rank: 4th
  • Carbon Savings: 1.5
• Replacing a typical car with an electric car or hybrid:
  • Perceived: 41%
  • Actual Rank: 5th
  • Carbon Savings: 1.1
• Replacing traditional incandescent lightbulbs with low energy CFL or LED:
  • Perceived: 36%
  • Actual Rank: 9th
  • Carbon Savings: 0.1
• Hang-drying clothes instead of using dryers:
  • Perceived: 26%
  • Actual Rank: 8th
  • Carbon Savings: 0.2
• Avoiding one long-distance flight:
  • Perceived: 21%
  • Actual Rank: 3rd
  • Carbon Savings: 1.6
• Not having a car:
  • Perceived: 17%
  • Actual Rank: 2nd
  • Carbon Savings: 2.4
• Eating a plant-based diet:
  • Perceived: 14%
  • Actual Rank: 6th
  • Carbon Savings: 0.8
• Having one fewer child:
  • Perceived: 11%
  • Actual Rank: 1st
  • Carbon Savings: 58.6

3. Market Variations in Perceived Impact

• Peru: Recycling is the most perceived impactful action.
• Sweden: Buying energy from renewable sources is most perceived impactful.
• China: Recycling is the most perceived impactful.
• United States: Buying energy from renewable sources is most perceived impactful.
• India: Recycling is the most perceived impactful.

4. Perception of Top 30 Climate Actions

• Most Perceived Actions:
  • Less packaging: 52%
  • Buying fewer items or more durable ones: 46%
  • More energy-efficient cooking equipment: 46%
• Least Perceived Actions:
  • Refurbishing housing for efficiency: 35%
  • Green roofs: 26%
  • Smaller living spaces or co-housing: 13%

5. Climate Change and Internal Displacement

• Misunderstanding of Causes: Most people believe conflict is the main cause of internal displacement, while the actual cause is climate and weather-related disasters.
• Global Market Averages:
  • Conflict: 43%
  • Climate/weather-related: 32%
• Exceptions: In the US, France, China, and Japan, a higher proportion of respondents correctly identified climate-related causes.

6. Awareness of Temperature Trends

• Misunderstanding of Warming Trends: Only 4% of respondents correctly identified that all six years since 2015 were the warmest on record.
• Average Response: 4 years
• Actual Data: 6 years

Key Information

• Survey Scope: 21,011 online adults aged 16-74 across 30 markets.
• Timeframe: Conducted between February 19 and March 5, 2021.
• Sources:
  • Institute of Physics, 2017: On the most effective individual steps for climate change.
  • GRID, 2020: On internal displacement due to climate change.
  • World Meteorological Organization, 2021: On temperature records.

Conclusion

The report underscores a critical gap between public perception and the actual impact of individual actions on climate change. While many believe they understand how to contribute to climate action, their understanding is often flawed, leading to ineffective personal strategies. It also highlights the underestimation of the severity of climate change impacts, such as displacement and temperature increases, which are significant yet not widely recognized.