2024-09-23-世界银行-释放健康长寿的力量_人口变化_非传染性疾病和人力资本（英）_112页_9mb

Demographic transformations, marked by rapid aging populations, present both challenges and opportunities for health and development. The rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a major concern, driving up healthcare costs and contributing to poverty and inequality. The Healthy Longevity Initiative (HLI) offers a comprehensive strategy to address these issues through life-course investments, emphasizing early interventions for prevention and control of NCDs across all age groups.

Key recommendations include implementing cost-effective clinical interventions, scaling up primary healthcare, leveraging fiscal tools like tobacco taxes, enhancing financial protection for the poor, and expanding access to affordable long-term care options. These actions could significantly reduce avoidable mortality, extend healthy adult life years, and align with Sustainable Development Goals.

Evidence suggests ambitious investments in NCD control yield substantial returns, including economic benefits that build human capital and reduce poverty traps. While progress in child mortality has been remarkable, actions for adults—from reducing modifiable risk factors to improving geriatric care—remain limited. Strengthening financial resources, global public goods, and monitoring capacities is essential for implementation.

Addressing NCDs holistically with country ownership, along with supportive roles from development partners and civil society, is vital to harness the potential of healthier longevity for equity and sustainable development.