2011-12-31-世界卫生组织-2012_GSHS_Fact_Sheet_Malaysia_4页_69kb

Malaysia Global School-based Student Health Survey 2012 Summary

The 2012 Malaysia Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was a comprehensive study of students in Forms 1-5, aged 13-17 years, using a two-stage cluster sampling method to ensure representativeness. Conducted in 2012, it involved 25,507 participants with a student response rate of 89% and school response rate of 100%. The survey assessed various health behaviors, including alcohol use, dietary habits, drug consumption, hygiene practices, mental health, physical activity, protective factors, sexual behaviors, tobacco use, and violence/unintentional injuries.

Key findings by age group (13-15 vs. 16-17 years):

• Alcohol Use: High prevalence of alcohol initiation before age 14 among students who drank. Lifetime drunkenness was lower in older students.
• Dietary Behaviors: Significant proportions of students were underweight, overweight, or obese. Frequent carbonated soft drink consumption was common across ages.
• Drug Use: Early initiation of drugs was widespread, with lower lifetime marijuana use in teens.
• Hygiene: Poor dental and handwashing habits persisted, especially among younger students.
• Mental Health: Elevated rates of suicidal ideation and attempts were observed, with fewer close friends among those reporting issues.
• Physical Activity: Only a minority met daily physical activity recommendations, used PE classes regularly, and spent limited time on sedentary activities.
• Protective Factors: High truancy rates and insufficient parental supervision or knowledge about free time activities were common.
• Sexual Behaviors: Some students engaged in sexual intercourse early, with inconsistent condom use.
• Tobacco Use: Many initiated smoking before age 14, with younger students showing higher smoking rates.
• Violence and Unintentional Injury: Physical fights, injuries, bullying, and other incidents were prevalent, varying by age.

Overall, the survey highlighted substantial health risks among Malaysian schoolchildren, indicating a need for targeted interventions to address substance use, mental health, nutrition, and safety.