2007-12-31-世界卫生组织-2008_GATS_Fact_Sheet_Brazil_2页_634kb

GATS Objectives Summary

Overview of GATS

The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is a globally recognized standard for monitoring adult tobacco use and tracking key tobacco control indicators. In Brazil, it was known as the Special Survey on Tobacco Use in Brazil (PETab) and conducted as a supplement to the 2008 National Household Sample Survey (PNAD), which provides data for studying Brazilian socioeconomic development. GATS is a nationally representative survey, employing a standardized protocol across countries, including Brazil, to enhance the capacity of nations to design, implement, and evaluate tobacco control programs.

Purpose and Importance

• GATS supports countries in fulfilling their obligations under the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) by generating comparable data within and across countries.
• It provides evidence-based insights to inform MPOWER, a technical assistance package of six tobacco control policies:
  • Monitor tobacco use and prevention policies
  • Protect people from tobacco smoke
  • Offer help to quit tobacco use
  • Warn about the dangers of tobacco
  • Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship
  • Raise taxes on tobacco

GATS Methodology

• Conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in collaboration with the GATS National Committee and Brazilian partners.
• Used a multi-stage stratified sample of 51,011 households, which is a subsample of one-third of the total households in PNAD.
• One individual was randomly selected from each household for the survey.
• Data was collected using handheld devices.
• The survey design allows for nationally representative estimates by gender and region, including urban and rural areas, and five regional estimates.
• The response rates were:
  • Household: 95.0%
  • Person: 98.9%
  • Overall: 94.0%
• A total of 39,425 completed interviews were conducted.

Key Highlights and Findings

Tobacco Use

• Overall current tobacco smokers: 17.2%
• Men: 21.6%
• Women: 13.1%
• Urban areas: 16.6%
• Rural areas: 20.4%
• Current cigarette smokers: 17.1%
• Daily cigarette smokers: 14.5%
• Former daily tobacco smokers (among all adults): 14.1%
• Former daily tobacco smokers (among ever daily smokers): 46.9%

Cessation

• Smokers who made a quit attempt in the past 12 months: 45.6%
• Current smokers who plan to or are thinking about quitting: 52.1%
• Smokers advised to quit by a healthcare provider in the past 12 months: 57.1%

Second-hand Smoke Exposure

• Workplace exposure: 24.4% (11.6 million adults)
• Home exposure: 27.9%
• Restaurants exposure: 9.9%

Media and Awareness

• Anti-cigarette information on TV or radio: 67.0%
• Cigarette marketing where cigarettes are sold: 31.3%
• Cigarette marketing (other than sales) or sporting event sponsorship: 21.3%
• Current smokers who thought about quitting due to warning labels: 65.0%
• Adults who noticed anti-cigarette information in any media: 73.1%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions

• Belief that smoking causes serious illness: 96.1% (93.0% among current smokers, 96.7% among non-smokers)
• Belief that exposure to tobacco smoke causes serious illness in non-smokers: 91.4%
• Belief that smokeless tobacco use causes serious illness: 68.2% (51.9% among current smokeless users, 68.3% among non-users)

GATS Brazil Partners

• Secretariat of Surveillance (SVS)
• National Institute of Cancer (INCA)
• ANVISA (National Health Surveillance Agency)
• Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)

Supporting Organizations

• Financial support: Brazil Ministry of Health and the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use (a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies)
• Technical assistance: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
• Program support: CDC Foundation

Additional Notes

• Data is weighted to be nationally representative of all non-institutionalized adults aged 15 and over.
• Current use includes both daily and less than daily use.
• Percentages reflect the prevalence of each indicator, not the distribution across groups.