2016年-世界发展银行全球_Identification_for_Development___Sierra_Leone_28页_1mb

报告摘要

Summary of Identification for Development (ID4D) in Sierra Leone

Core Content

This document provides an analysis of the current identity systems in Sierra Leone and outlines the potential benefits and next steps for developing a national digital identity program. It is part of a broader initiative supported by the World Bank, with funding from the Korean Trust Fund (KTF) and the Ebola Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF). The report is based on consultations with the Government of Sierra Leone (GOSL) and stakeholders in the identity ecosystem.

Main Points

Digital Identity Definition

A digital identity system captures and stores individual identities in a national electronic database. This allows for the issuance of official identification and the verification of personal identities online, enabling efficient service delivery across sectors.

Potential Benefits

Improved Human Resource Management: Reduces ghost workers and enhances payroll accuracy.
Cost Reduction in Election Registration: Eliminates redundant and costly re-enrollment processes.
Enhanced Border Control and Electoral Management: Supports identity verification and prevents unauthorized access.
Lower Costs for Census: Facilitates accurate and efficient data collection.
Better Delivery of Safety Nets and Health Services: Enables targeted and electronic benefit distribution.
Harmonization of Identity Programs: Reduces duplication and inefficiencies across government agencies.
Improved Tax Collection: Provides a comprehensive view of the tax-paying population.
Enhanced Financial Services: Supports credit bureau functions and electronic transactions.
Regional Integration: Aligns with ECOWAS initiatives for cross-border identification and digital commerce.

Current Identity Landscape

Sierra Leone's identity systems are fragmented, with multiple agencies managing different identity programs.
About 5% of the population is registered in a national identity registry, 51% in birth and death registries, and 78% of children are registered at or around birth.
Five functional identity programs exist, each with its own technology and process, and minimal interoperability.

Proposed Civil Registration Reform

The reform aims to create a harmonized legal, policy, and regulatory environment for digital identity.
A National Registration Secretariat (NRS) is proposed as the central authority for digital identity, reporting directly to the President.
The Integrated National Civil Registration System (INCRS) is envisioned as the national identity registry, integrating key databases like the voter registry (NEC), social security registry (NASSIT), and birth/death registry (MOHS).
Biometric enrollment is planned for the entire population, with smartcards for adults and non-smartcards for children aged 6–16.
A National Data Protection Act is being developed to ensure privacy and data security.

Key Information

Stakeholders

National Registration Secretariat (NRS) – Central authority for digital identity.
National Election Commission (NEC) – Manages voter registration and biometric data.
National Social Security Insurance and Trust (NASSIT) – Issues social security numbers and manages benefits.
Ministry of Health and Sanitation (MOHS) – Manages birth and death registrations.
Immigration and Passports – Manages national passports.
Statistics Sierra Leone – Provides demographic data.
Office of National Security (ONS) – Ensures security in identity management.

Financing

The reform is expected to be funded through legislative appropriations and development partners.
The GOSL has procured 1.9 million smartcards, computer servers, and automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) with support from UNDP.
An estimated US$13.6 million is required for the first phase of program implementation.

Challenges

Birth date validation is a concern due to the unreliability of current records.
Interoperability between different identity systems is limited.
Data digitization is needed for integration and verification.
Regular updates are required to maintain the accuracy of the voter and social security registries.

Next Steps

The GOSL is advised to take the following steps in developing a digital identity program:

Establish an enabling environment through legislation and policy.
Validate birth dates using more reliable sources.
Anchor the program in a strong institution with a robust business model.
Enroll the population with biometric data.
Link identity systems with birth and death registries.
Fund the program through a combination of government and donor support.
Communicate the benefits of digital identity effectively to the public.

Annexes

Annex 1: Lists stakeholders who participated in consultations.
Annex 2: Provides a diagnostic framework for assessing digital identity readiness in Sierra Leone.

This report is intended to be read in conjunction with the Digital Identity Toolkit: A Guide for Stakeholders in Africa by the World Bank.

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