世界银行-巴基斯坦妇女的经济赋权_更具包容性政策的循证工具包（英）-2025_124页_3mb

Summary of Women's Economic Empowerment in Pakistan Report

Key Findings

• Gender Gaps: Approximately 47 million women are not in the labor force. The gender earnings gap stands at 18%, and women lag in financial inclusion, with 55 million unbanked.
• Mobile Phone Ownership: Only 35% of women own a mobile phone compared to 84% of men. Digital inclusion is severely limited, affecting women’s access to financial services and entrepreneurial opportunities.
• Asset Ownership: Women own a minimal share of land (2%) and homes (3%), compared to higher rates among men. This lack of asset ownership restricts their economic stability and access to credit.
• Policy Priorities: Experts ranked transport mobility and safety concerns as the top barriers. However, evidence-based tools to address these issues are limited, requiring urgent research and tailored interventions.
• Factors Driving Gaps: Education, agency, and digital skills are linked to better economic outcomes, but socio-cultural norms and mobility restrictions remain significant barriers.

Recommendations

• Targeted Policy Tools: Prioritize investments in transport safety, financial inclusion, and entrepreneurship training. Use blended approaches to address mobility and digital access.
• Evidence Generation: Focus research on gaps in Pakistan’s context to ensure policies align with local needs.
• Multi-Faceted Solutions: Combine legal reforms, infrastructure development, and social norm challenges to achieve sustainable change.