中国国际光缆互联互通白皮书（2018年）_36页_2mb

报告摘要

Summary of the White Paper on China International Optical Cable Interconnection (2018)

Core Content

This white paper discusses the development, trends, and future prospects of China's international optical cable interconnection, particularly in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and global digital economy growth. It highlights China's growing role in the international submarine cable industry and outlines key recommendations for enhancing its international connectivity.

Main Points and Key Information

1. Development Trends of International Optical Cables

Submarine Optical Cables are Vital for International Communications
Submarine cables are the primary medium for global data transmission, with over 95% of international data traffic carried through them. Due to the lack of land routes between major continents, submarine cables are essential for connectivity, especially for landlocked countries.
Fierce Competition in the Global Submarine Cable Market
The market is highly competitive, with major submarine cable centers formed in the US, UK, Japan, Singapore, and Hong Kong due to their geographical and technological advantages. Emerging markets are also actively participating and challenging the traditional cable hubs.
Internet Giants Become New Forces in the Submarine Cable Club
Companies like Google, Microsoft, and Facebook are now key players in submarine cable construction, driven by the need for global data center interconnection. They have invested in over 15 international submarine cables, including major routes like North America-Europe and Asia-Pacific.
Collaboration Between Submarine Cables and Data Centers is Increasing
The demand for large bandwidth and rapid scaling between data centers is reshaping the global submarine cable network architecture. Internet giants are building their own submarine cables to meet these needs, and the collaboration path between data centers and submarine cables is becoming more evident.
International Submarine Cable Interconnection Enters a New Development Phase
Global Internet bandwidth has been growing at an annual rate of around 30%, with submarine cables undergoing a third construction boom due to aging infrastructure and increasing demand. China is actively participating in this trend, upgrading systems across the Pacific, Atlantic, and Asia-Europe routes.

2. Development of China International Optical Cables

Cross-border Terrestrial Cables Connect Neighboring Countries
China has established cross-border terrestrial cable networks with 12 neighboring countries, connecting to Europe and covering key regions like ASEAN, Central Asia, and Southern-East Asia. It has 17 international terrestrial cable border stations and a system bandwidth exceeding 70 Tbps.
International Submarine Cables Connect Key Global Markets
China has implemented direct interconnections with the US, Japan, Singapore, and the UK through submarine cables. As of 2017, China has 10 international submarine cables, with a total international bandwidth of 43,445 Gbps and per capita bandwidth of 0.031 Mbps.
China's Optical Cable Industry is Booming
China's optical cable industry has become a global leader, with companies like YOFC, HENGTONG, and FiberHome dominating the market. These companies have made breakthroughs in deep-sea cable manufacturing, and Huawei has emerged as a major system integrator in the submarine cable sector.
China's Development Lags Behind Major Economies
Despite progress, China's submarine cable infrastructure still lags behind countries like the US, Japan, the UK, and Singapore. The US has 80 submarine cables, Japan has 23, the UK has 53, and Singapore has 24, compared to China's 10. Per capita bandwidth is also significantly lower in China.

3. Prospects of China International Optical Cables

Infrastructure Interconnection is a Key Component of BRI
BRI promotes cross-border optical cable networks and intercontinental submarine cable projects, aiming to improve international communication interconnection and support the "information Silk Road." This includes connecting Asian countries to the Americas, Europe, and Africa.
Globalization Drives Demand for International Bandwidth
China's increasing international exchanges, including trade, tourism, and investment, have led to a surge in demand for global bandwidth. Internet traffic in China has grown at an average rate of 38%, significantly higher than the global average.
Overseas Business Development of Internet Enterprises Boosts International Bandwidth Needs
Chinese Internet companies are expanding globally, requiring robust international bandwidth for services like e-commerce, video, and online gaming. This has led to a strong demand for submarine cable interconnection.
China's Geopolitical Advantage Offers Broad Development Opportunities
China's strategic location and geopolitical influence provide a strong foundation for the development of both terrestrial and submarine cable networks. This allows for greater synergy in international communication infrastructure.

4. Recommendations for China International Optical Cables

Support BRI and Accelerate Global Submarine Cable Layout
China should continue to support BRI and expand its global submarine cable network to enhance international connectivity.
Optimize Landing Station Placement and Build Supporting Infrastructure
Improving the layout and operation of submarine cable landing stations and supporting infrastructure is crucial for sustainable development.
Refine Policies and Regulations for a Better Development Environment
Optimizing policies and regulations will help create a more favorable environment for the international submarine cable industry.
Encourage Overseas Business and Network Development
Chinese enterprises should be encouraged to develop overseas business and network infrastructure in tandem to meet global demand.
Strengthen International Cooperation and Explore New Connection Models
Enhancing international collaboration and exploring new submarine cable connection models will help China gain more influence in the global market.