2015年-世界发展银行全球_The_Role_of_Identification_in_the_Post-2015_Development_Agenda_12页_779kb

Summary of "The Role of Identification in the Post-2015 Development Agenda"

Core Content

This document explores the role of identification in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) post-2015 development agenda, particularly focusing on SDG Target #16.9, which aims to provide legal identity to all by 2030. It emphasizes the intrinsic and enabling value of legal identity, the challenges in measuring it, and the importance of international cooperation in supporting its development.

Main Points

• Legal Identity as a Key Component: Legal identity is fundamental to human rights, including the right to a name, nationality, and recognized family relationships. It is also essential for accessing health, education, and other public services.

• Identity as an Enabler: A robust identification system supports the achievement of multiple SDGs, such as social protection, property rights, women's empowerment, and fiscal policy. It facilitates accurate targeting of beneficiaries, reduces corruption, and improves the efficiency of public services.

• Measurement Challenges: The document highlights the difficulty in measuring legal identity and birth registration. It suggests that the percentage of children under 5 with registered births is a proposed SDG indicator, but the use of modern technologies allows for faster registration processes.

• Global and Regional Efforts: The International Community, including multilateral institutions, NGOs, and development partners, has been involved in promoting legal identity. The World Bank Group has supported numerous ID-related projects, but most funding has been directed towards development programs rather than the ID systems themselves.

• Need for Strategic Coordination: The SDGs provide a framework for accountability, but achieving the identity target requires strategic coordination at all levels. This includes building inclusive systems, ensuring trust, and aligning with national and regional priorities.

• Technological and Policy Innovations: The document discusses the role of technology in improving identification systems, such as biometric authentication and digital IDs. It also highlights the importance of legal and regulatory frameworks to ensure data privacy and security.

• Role of Development Partners: Development partners are encouraged to support the development of core national ID systems, promote interoperability, and ensure that new technologies are used in a development-friendly manner. They should also focus on data security and legal frameworks.

Key Information

• SDG Target #16.9: Provides legal identity to all, including birth registration, by 2030.

• Estimated Unregistered Population: The World Bank estimates that around 1.8 billion people globally lack legal identity, with the majority being children in the poorest regions.

• Birth Registration Metrics: There is a significant gap between registration and certificate issuance. As of 2015, about 625 million children under 14 were unregistered, according to the World Bank ID4D dataset.

• Interoperability and Standards: The European Union has made progress in establishing common standards for electronic identity (eID), including projects like STORK and e-SENS, which promote cross-border interoperability.

• Financial Inclusion and ID: Identification is critical for financial inclusion, as it enables access to banking services and reduces fraud. The Aadhaar system in India and the BISP program in Pakistan are examples of how ID can be used to improve service delivery.

• Development Partners' Role: Donors and partners should focus on supporting core ID systems, ensuring inclusiveness, and promoting technical standards and data security. They should also avoid creating exclusionary barriers through overly strict ID requirements.

Annex Highlights

• Birth Registration / CRVS Agenda: Supported by AfDB, AFD, ADB, IDB, and WBG. NGOs like Bloomberg Foundation, CRC4D, and Data2X also play a role.

• Legal Identity - NID - Agenda: Involves ADB, AfDB, IDB, OAS, UNHCR, and WBG. NGOs and other partners like Data2X and World Vision contribute to this agenda.

• Financial Inclusion Agenda: Led by the World Bank Group, with support from the Gates Foundation and Opportunity International. CGAP is involved in this area as well.

Conclusion

The post-2015 development agenda underscores the importance of legal identity as both a right and an enabler for achieving broader development goals. While the SDGs provide a useful framework for accountability, their success depends on strategic leadership, inclusive systems, and the integration of ID into broader development strategies. International cooperation and the development of common standards are essential to ensuring that legal identity systems are effective, trusted, and widely accessible.