世界经济论坛-农业中的空间应用：加强粮食和水安全，改善气候行动（英）-2023.4-38页_11mb

Space Applications in Agriculture Summary

This report from the World Economic Forum explores the role of satellite technology in addressing agricultural challenges, with a focus on improving food and water security and enhancing climate action. The document outlines how satellite-based insights can provide significant benefits across society and the economy by 2030.

Introduction

Satellite technology is increasingly recognized for its value in agriculture, but adoption has been hindered by high costs, low resolutions, and limited trust. By 2030, satellite applications could nearly double the market size, reaching nearly $1 billion, due to advancing technology and declining costs.

Key Benefits

Satellite applications can mitigate up to 30% of the projected 2050 food gap by:

• Reducing food waste and lowering global freshwater use by 5-10%.
• Decreasing agricultural CO₂ emissions by 50 million tonnes.
• Saving grower costs by 5%.
  Economically, this could add $150-175 billion in value and reduce grower expenses by $7-8 billion.

Core Use Cases

Satellite technology enables several agricultural applications:

• Yield Estimation: Provides accurate, region-specific crop production estimates, valuable for governments, NGOs, and traders.
• Yield Optimization: Uses advanced analytics to identify intra-field defects, improving decision-making, reducing input use, and optimizing irrigation for higher profitability.
• Sustainable Practices: Supports carbon markets, emission reduction, and monitoring for subsidies.
• Disaster Mitigation: Helps predict and verify damage from droughts, fires, and floods.
• Precision Agriculture: Enables autonomous farm equipment through satellite connectivity.

Technological Advancements

Technology advancements are rapidly scaling satellite capabilities, with benefits such as higher resolutions, more frequent revisits, and new spectral sensors by 2030. Imagery costs are expected to decline by 25-50%, making satellites competitive with drones and fixed-wing aircraft.

Market Potential

The market for space-borne agricultural insights is projected to grow 9-12% annually from 2022, reaching a serviceable market of $0.8-1 billion. Yield optimization drives most growth, with 70% of value coming from larger farms.

Challenges and Collaborations

Adoption faces barriers like lack of collaboration, low accuracy of insights, and high costs. Addressed through:

• Stakeholder coordination, including governments, satellite companies, analytics providers, and growers.
• Improved ground-truthing data sharing.
• Tailored calls to action to reduce costs and build trust.

Conclusion

Satellite applications hold transformative potential for global agriculture. By fostering collaboration, reducing costs, and leveraging technology, the industry can achieve ambitious targets, enhance food security, and contribute to multiple Sustainable Development Goals.