世界银行-刚果共和国国家气候与发展报告-使刚果经济多样化：充分利用气候变化（英）-2023.10-85页_1mb

Summary

• The Republic of Congo faces significant challenges from climate change, including rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, flooding, and heat stress, which threaten economic growth (GDP losses of up to 17% by 2050), poverty reduction goals (extreme poverty could reach 50% in a no-reform scenario), and human health.

• The country's economy remains heavily dependent on oil (accounting for over 80% of exports), limiting diversification and increasing vulnerability to global price fluctuations.

• Climate actions, such as transitioning to renewable energy, scaling up climate-smart agriculture, and promoting resilient urban infrastructure, could significantly reduce GDP losses (by 40–85%) and offset negative effects of climate change on poverty.

• Effective responses include policy reforms to improve institutions, fiscal space creation through debt restructuring, public-private partnerships for investment, and leveraging climate finance to fund adaptation and mitigation efforts.

• A transition to a low-carbon pathway is essential for sustainable development and economic resilience, requiring urgent actions in energy, agriculture, transportation, and urban planning, supported by strong governance and international cooperation.