unepfi-气候缓解目标设定的基础（英）-2022.4-18页_596kb

Summary of Guidance for Banks on Climate Mitigation Target Setting

Core Content

This document provides a comprehensive guide for banks on how to set science-based climate mitigation targets in line with the Paris Agreement. It outlines the key stages of the climate mitigation journey, emphasizing the importance of understanding the climate landscape, measuring and disclosing financed emissions, setting robust targets, and implementing them effectively to support the global transition to a low-carbon economy.

Main Principles

• Climate Impact: Banks have a significant climate impact through their financing and off-balance sheet activities, which can be up to 700 times greater than their operational emissions.
• Role of Banks: Banks play a central role in driving systemic change by influencing the real economy through financing decisions, client engagement, and policy advocacy.
• Science-Based Targets: Targets should be aligned with the latest climate science, aiming to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, with no or low overshoot.
• Transparency and Accountability: Annual disclosure of financed emissions is crucial for transparency, and any data gaps should be clearly explained.

Key Stages of the Climate Mitigation Journey

1. Understand the Landscape

   • Familiarize with climate science, terminology, and frameworks such as the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals.
   • Recognize the importance of national context in setting climate ambitions and selecting appropriate climate scenarios.
   • Integrate climate mitigation into the bank's governance and business strategy.

2. Measure and Disclose Financed Emissions

   • Use methodologies like PCAF and PACTA to measure and disclose financed emissions.
   • Collect client data (ideally no older than two years) and use proxies where necessary.
   • Annually disclose your emissions profile and any limitations in data availability.

3. Set Robust, Science-Based Targets

   • Focus on the most carbon-intensive sectors (e.g., power generation, transport, oil and gas).
   • Choose a baseline no more than two years before the target year.
   • Use either a convergence or contraction approach for setting targets.
   • Consider both absolute and intensity targets, and disclose both to ensure transparency.
   • Align targets with low- to no-overshoot climate scenarios, avoiding overreliance on unproven technologies.

4. Implement the Targets

   • Engage the entire bank and establish governance structures for climate strategy integration.
   • Make financing decisions that align with climate goals, including phasing out high-emission sectors.
   • Develop and disclose KPIs to track progress, such as emissions reduction percentages or the number of clients with transition plans.
   • Continuously revise targets to reflect evolving science and policy landscapes, at least every five years.

Key Considerations

• Real-World Impact: Climate strategies must focus on actual emissions reductions in the real economy and avoid harmful practices, such as excessive reliance on carbon offsets or facilitating emissions.
• Data Quality: Improve data collection and use client-specific data where possible to enhance the accuracy of emissions tracking.
• Stakeholder Engagement: Engage with clients, policymakers, and peers to support the transition to a net-zero economy.
• Methodologies and Tools: Utilize established tools like PCAF, PACTA, and SBTi to measure and set targets, and consider sector-specific approaches such as the Poseidon Principles for shipping.

Sample Intermediate Target

• Baseline Year: 2020
• Target Year: 2030
• Baseline Emissions: 27.2 Mt CO₂e (for USD37.4 billion of assets)
• Target Reduction: 72% in power generation and 54% in real estate
• Portfolio Coverage: 82% of in-scope assets
• KPIs: % emissions reduction, % carbon intensity reduction, % of clients engaged, % of clients with transition plans

Glossary Highlights

• Climate Change Mitigation: Reducing GHG emissions to limit global warming.
• Financed Emissions: Emissions from the companies and individuals a bank finances.
• Facilitated Emissions: Emissions from off-balance sheet activities.
• Climate Scenarios: Projections of future emissions based on policy, technology, and economic trends.
• Net-Zero Emissions: Balance between emissions produced and removed from the atmosphere.

Resources

• WWF: Introduces net-zero concepts for financial institutions.
• FSTF: Offers a practical guide for net-zero alignment.
• Race to Zero: Provides key terms related to net-zero targets.
• PCAF and SBTi: Core documents for measuring financed emissions and setting targets.
• PACTA: Methodology for assessing portfolio alignment with climate goals.
• 2dii: Supports banks in developing effective climate strategies.
• PAT: Offers guidance on alignment considerations and options.
• RMI IMPACT+ Principles: Help identify key factors in setting effective climate strategies.
• TCFD: Provides recommendations for climate-related financial disclosures.

Conclusion

This document serves as a starting point for banks to understand and implement climate mitigation strategies. It underscores the need for science-based, transparent, and impactful targets that align with global climate goals and support the transition to a sustainable economy.