【亚开行】亚洲数字创意产业回顾：促进增长和创造高质量就业的机遇和政策-2024.10_156页_24mb

中文总结

亚洲数字创意产业在经济和社会发展中展现出巨大潜力，尤其在创造高质量就业机会、提升国家软实力和推动地方经济增长方面作用显著。报告指出，印度、印尼、泰国和越南等国的数字创意产业（包括影视、游戏、音乐领域）在2024-2028年间预期增长速度远超整体经济，例如印度娱乐和媒体行业预计年均增长率为6.31%，而整体GDP增速为3.02%。此外，数字技术革新使内容生产与传播的成本降低，提升了创意产业的国际竞争力，尤其是通过云技术和人工智能（AI）推动了跨境合作和自动化制作流程。

然而，发展数字创意产业面临多重障碍。一是政策制定基础薄弱，如多部门管理导致沟通不畅，缺乏权威数据收集体系，限制了政策的有效性；二是人才供需失衡，专业技能不足，尤其在游戏设计、动画制作和影视后期制作等领域，技术人才短缺且薪酬偏低；三是融资渠道有限，小规模企业难以获得资本支持，且政策对吸引外资和打击盗版的激励措施不足。这些问题削弱了当地产业的成长动力，也阻碍了全球创意内容的共享。

为此，报告提出了多项政策建议。首先，需建立协同治理框架，明确公共部门与私营部门的责任分工，并加强数据基础设施建设；其次，推动教育体系改革，通过行业培训、数字技能课程和职业技能标准提升人才储备；第三，完善金融支持机制，例如设立专项基金和税收优惠，鼓励国内外投资；第四，优化法律法规，强化知识产权保护，同时减少对文化内容的过度审查，以提升产业吸引力。此外，加强国际协作，如泰国、韩国等创意产业强国的经验表明，通过政府与企业合作、本土人才培养计划以及明确的长期战略，能够有效提升本地产业的全球竞争力。

English Summary

Asia's digital creative industries, including audiovisual, gaming, and music, are pivotal in driving economic growth and creating high-quality employment. These sectors are expected to grow faster than the overall economy, with India, Indonesia, and Thailand projected to achieve compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) of 10% and 6.31% respectively by 2028. Digital transformation has expanded access to global audiences and diversified revenue streams, particularly through streaming platforms and cross-border collaborations enabled by cloud computing and AI technologies. However, challenges persist, such as fragmented governance, insufficient data infrastructure, and a mismatch between local production capabilities and global industry standards.

Key barriers include:

1. Policy Foundations: Weak coordination among government agencies and lack of comprehensive data frameworks hinder effective policymaking.
2. Talent Shortages: Skilled professionals in technical and creative roles (e.g., game designers, VFX specialists) are scarce, with wage levels and working conditions falling short of international benchmarks.
3. Regulatory Constraints: Strict content controls and limited access to financing exacerbate operational challenges, particularly in regions with underdeveloped creative ecosystems.

To address these issues, the report recommends:

• Governance: Establish centralized oversight and transparent accountability mechanisms.
• Education: Develop industry-aligned curricula and lifelong learning programs to bridge skills gaps.
• Financial Support: Introduce tax incentives, grants, and funding facilities to reduce production costs and attract investment.
• Legal Reforms: Enhance intellectual property protection and streamline regulations to foster innovation.
• Public-Private Collaboration: Promote partnerships for knowledge transfer and skill development.

Case studies highlight successful models like South Korea's K-wave, which leveraged cultural exports to boost national brand recognition, and Thailand's digital content grants, which support local creators. These examples underscore the importance of strategic investment in talent development, technological infrastructure, and regulatory reform to ensure sustainable growth and global competitiveness in Asia's digital creative sectors.