2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Sri_Lanka_69页_1mb

Summary of "Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs"

Core Content of the Report

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, provides an in-depth analysis of business regulations and their impact on the ease of doing business across 190 economies. The report evaluates a range of indicators that measure the procedures, time, and costs associated with key business activities. These indicators aim to highlight regulatory barriers and encourage reforms that promote efficiency and job creation.

Key Indicators Covered

The report includes the following key indicators:

• Starting a business
• Dealing with construction permits
• Getting electricity
• Registering property
• Getting credit
• Protecting minority investors
• Paying taxes
• Trading across borders
• Enforcing contracts
• Resolving insolvency
• Labor market regulation

Each indicator is designed to reflect the regulatory environment for small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), focusing on the most common business forms and activities in each economy.

Main Viewpoints and Findings

1. Starting a Business

• Procedures: In Sri Lanka, starting a business requires 7 procedures for both men and women.
• Time: It takes 9 days to complete the process.
• Cost: The cost is 10.4% of income per capita.
• Minimum Paid-in Capital: 0% of income per capita (no paid-in capital required).
• Comparison: Sri Lanka performs better than the South Asian average but lags behind OECD high-income economies and the overall best performers like New Zealand and the United Kingdom.
• Gender-specific Procedures: There are no significant differences in procedures for men and women, but women-specific procedures are noted in some areas, such as obtaining a national identity card.

2. Dealing with Construction Permits

• Procedures: In Sri Lanka, building a warehouse requires 13 procedures.
• Time: The process takes 115 days.
• Cost: 0.3% of warehouse value.
• Building Quality Control Index: Sri Lanka scores 5.5 out of a maximum of 15, indicating room for improvement in building regulations and quality control mechanisms.
• Comparison: Sri Lanka outperforms the South Asian average but is still behind OECD high-income economies and the best performers like Denmark and South Korea.

3. General Insights

• The report emphasizes the importance of comparative analysis between economies to identify regulatory gaps and promote reforms.
• The Distance to Frontier (DTF) score measures how close an economy is to the best performance in each indicator, with a scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best).
• Ease of Doing Business Rankings are based on the DTF scores, with the best performer ranked 1 and the worst ranked 190.
• The project uses standardized scenarios to ensure consistency and comparability across economies, including assumptions about company size, ownership, and activities.

Sri Lanka's Profile

• Region: South Asia
• Income Category: Lower middle income
• Population: 21,203,000
• GNI Per Capita (US$): 3,780
• City Covered: Colombo
• DTF Score for Starting a Business: 10.4% (compared to South Asia's 21.4%, OECD's 3.1%, and the best performer at 0.00%)
• DTF Score for Dealing with Construction Permits: 0.3% (compared to South Asia's 17.6%, OECD's 1.6%, and the best performer at 0.10%)

Methodology Highlights

• Standardized Company: The report uses a standardized model of a 100% domestically owned private limited liability company with 5 owners, employing 10–50 people, and operating in the largest business city.
• Data Collection: The most recent data collection was completed in June 2017.
• Assumptions: The data assumes that all required information is readily available and that no bribes are paid.
• Online Procedures: Procedures completed online are counted as 0.5 days in the total time calculation.
• Gender Differences: In some economies, procedures differ for men and women, but Sri Lanka has no such distinction in the starting business process.

Recommendations and Reforms

• The report recommends reforms to simplify procedures, reduce time and costs, and improve regulatory transparency.
• Improvements in labor market regulation, contract enforcement, and insolvency resolution are also highlighted as areas for potential reform.
• The subnational reports provide detailed insights into business regulation at the city and regional levels, helping local governments compare their performance with others and identify areas for improvement.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report serves as a comprehensive tool for assessing and reforming business regulations globally. It encourages economies to benchmark their performance and adopt reforms that enhance the business climate and support job creation. For Sri Lanka, the report identifies areas where regulatory improvements can be made to better align with global best practices.