2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Nicaragua_69页_1mb

Summary of "Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs"

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses across 190 economies and selected cities. It focuses on 11 key indicators that measure the ease of doing business, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report aims to provide objective data to encourage regulatory reforms, offer benchmarks for improvement, and serve as a resource for various stakeholders interested in the business climate.

Key Indicators and Their Measurement

The report measures the following indicators:

1. Starting a business – Procedures, time, cost, and minimum paid-in capital required to establish a limited liability company.
2. Dealing with construction permits – Procedures, time, cost, and building quality control index.
3. Getting electricity – Procedures, time, cost, reliability, and tariff transparency.
4. Registering property – Procedures, time, cost, and land administration quality.
5. Getting credit – Movable collateral laws and credit information systems.
6. Protecting minority investors – Shareholder rights in related-party transactions and corporate governance.
7. Paying taxes – Number of payments, time, and total tax rate.
8. Trading across borders – Time and cost to export and import goods.
9. Enforcing contracts – Time and cost to resolve disputes and quality of judicial processes.
10. Resolving insolvency – Time, cost, outcome, and recovery rate in insolvency cases.
11. Labor market regulation – Flexibility and aspects of job quality.

Each indicator is measured using a standardized methodology, ensuring comparability across economies. The Distance to Frontier (DTF) score reflects how close an economy is to the best performance observed globally, with a scale from 0 to 100 (0 = lowest performance, 100 = best performance). The Ease of Doing Business ranking is determined by sorting the DTF scores from highest to lowest.

Nicaragua's Economy Profile

• Region: Latin America & Caribbean
• Income Category: Lower middle income
• Population: 6,149,928
• GNI Per Capita (US$): 2,050
• City Covered: Managua

Starting a Business in Nicaragua

• Procedures (Men/Women): 7 procedures (same for both genders)
• Time (Men/Women): 14 days
• Cost (% of income per capita): 65.4%
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 0% (no requirement)

Key Procedures and Costs

Dealing with Construction Permits in Nicaragua

• Procedures: 18
• Time: 225 days
• Cost (% of warehouse value): 6.1%
• Building Quality Control Index (0-15): 3.5

Key Procedures and Costs

Main Points

• The report provides quantitative data on business regulations and their enforcement.
• Standardized scenarios are used to ensure data comparability across economies.
• Nicaragua performs relatively poorly in the Starting a Business and Dealing with Construction Permits indicators compared to other economies in the region and globally.
• The Distance to Frontier (DTF) score is used to measure how far an economy is from the best practices observed in the Doing Business sample.
• Subnational reports are also available, allowing cities and regions to compare their regulatory environments and identify areas for reform.
• The report encourages regulatory reforms to improve the ease of doing business and create more jobs.