2017年-世界发展银行全球_Peru_Public_Expenditure_Review_213页_11mb

Public Expenditure Review of Peru (June 16, 2017)

Overview

This document is a Public Expenditure Review (PER) conducted by the World Bank in collaboration with the Ministry of Economy and Finance of Peru (MEF). It aims to assist the Government of Peru (GOP) in achieving fiscal consolidation and improving the efficiency of planned expenditures. The report is structured into two main parts: Cross-cutting Issues and Sector Analyses.

Core Content

1. Fiscal Policy - Trends and Challenges

• General Fiscal Dynamics: The report discusses the general trends in Peru's fiscal policy, including revenue and expenditure patterns over the years.
• Revenue Trends: It analyzes the changes in revenue from various sectors, including mining and other industries, and the overall fiscal revenue.
• Expenditure Trends: It highlights the increase in public spending, particularly in certain economic classifications, and identifies areas of spending rigidity.
• Fiscal Sustainability: The analysis includes a fiscal sustainability assessment, examining the fiscal deficit under different scenarios and the evolution of public debt.
• Key Challenges: The report outlines the need for fiscal discipline and efficiency in public spending, with a focus on reducing inefficiencies and improving long-term fiscal stability.

2. Procurement

• Scope and Framework: The procurement framework in Peru is outlined, including the different types of procurement methods and their implications.
• Strategic Sourcing: The report introduces a strategic sourcing methodology to identify areas where procurement can be optimized.
• Fiscal Savings: It estimates potential fiscal savings from implementing more efficient procurement strategies, particularly in the context of vehicle and construction procurement.
• Long-term Savings: The analysis includes the long-term fiscal benefits of strategic sourcing, with examples showing the savings potential across different product categories.
• Efficiency Metrics: Metrics such as unit price dispersion, average life-cost of vehicles, and the number of bids and suppliers are used to evaluate procurement efficiency.

Sector Analyses

3. Water and Sanitation Services (WSS)

• Spending and Outcomes: The report evaluates public spending on water and sanitation, highlighting the gap in service delivery compared to peer countries.
• Spending Efficiency: It assesses the efficiency of capital and operational spending, including the operating loss and the operating cost coverage ratio (OCCR).
• Policy Options: Recommendations are provided to improve efficiency, such as increasing transparency and optimizing the allocation of resources to underserved populations.

4. Health

• Expenditure and Results: The analysis covers total health spending as a percentage of GDP and its evolution over time.
• Health System Overview: It provides an overview of Peru's health system, including its vision and challenges.
• Efficiency of Expenditure: The report evaluates the efficiency of health spending, focusing on the distribution of costs and the impact of different funding sources.
• Policy Options: Policy recommendations are made to enhance the effectiveness of health spending and reduce out-of-pocket expenses.

5. Education

• Expenditure and Results: The report discusses public education spending as a percentage of GDP and its distribution across different educational levels.
• Efficiency and Effectiveness: It analyzes the efficiency and effectiveness of education spending, including the cost per student and the performance of students in standardized assessments.
• Key Findings: The efficiency frontiers for primary and secondary education are presented, highlighting the performance of different regions and the impact of resource allocation on learning outcomes.
• Policy Options: Recommendations include improving resource allocation, enhancing educational material spending, and increasing the efficiency of public education delivery.

6. Citizen Security

• Expenditure and Results: The report evaluates public spending on citizen security, including the impact on homicide rates and victimization.
• Efficiency of Expenditure: It assesses the efficiency of the National Police (PNP) and the effects of different spending strategies on security outcomes.
• Policy Options: Recommendations focus on improving the efficiency of security spending and enhancing public perception of police performance.

7. Transport

• Efficiency of Spending: The report examines the efficiency of public transport spending, including the cost of infrastructure and services.
• Main Challenges: It identifies challenges such as high costs and inefficiencies in the procurement process.
• Recommendations: Suggestions are made to improve the efficiency of transport spending and enhance the overall performance of the transport sector.

Key Information

• Fiscal Consolidation: The report emphasizes the importance of fiscal consolidation and improving the efficiency of public expenditure.
• Procurement Efficiency: Strategic procurement methods are highlighted as a means to achieve fiscal savings and improve efficiency.
• Sector-Specific Analysis: Each sector (Water, Health, Education, Citizen Security, and Transport) is analyzed for its spending patterns, efficiency, and effectiveness.
• Policy Recommendations: The report provides actionable policy options to enhance fiscal management and improve the outcomes of public spending in each sector.
• Collaboration: The report is a joint effort between the World Bank and the MEF, with significant contributions from various officials and experts.

Conclusion

The Public Expenditure Review of Peru provides a comprehensive analysis of the country's fiscal policies and public spending across different sectors. It identifies key challenges and offers policy recommendations to improve efficiency, reduce spending rigidity, and achieve fiscal sustainability. The report serves as a valuable resource for the Government of Peru to make informed decisions and enhance the effectiveness of its public expenditure management.