2014年-世界发展银行全球_Poverty_and_Shared_Prosperity_at_a_Glance___Tajikistan_2页_851kb

Tajikistan Shared Prosperity Summary

Core Content

Tajikistan's shared prosperity report provides an overview of economic indicators, poverty levels, inequality metrics, and demographic data from 2004 to 2009. The report highlights the country's economic performance, poverty reduction efforts, and the distribution of income and consumption across different population groups.

Key Economic Indicators

• GDP per capita (PPP): $2,192 (2012)
• GNI per capita (Atlas method): $860 (2012)
• GDP growth (2004-2009): 4.29%
• Private consumption growth (2004-2009): 3.12%

Poverty Statistics

• Population living below national poverty line (%): 47.20% (2009)
• Population living below US$ 1.25 (%): 6.47% (2009)
• Population living below US$ 2.50 (%): 41.48% (2009)
• Population living below US$ 5.00 (%): 85.12% (2009)
• Population living above US$ 10.00 (%): 1.33% (2009)
• Multidimensional poverty (%): 17.10% (2005)

Inequality Metrics

• Gini index (2009): 0.31
• Theil index (2009): 0.17

Income/Consumption Growth

• Bottom 40% income/consumption growth (2004-2009): 6.10%
• Total population income/consumption growth (2004-2009): 4.91%
• Top 60% income/consumption growth (2004-2009): 4.60%

Poverty Change (US$ 2.50)

• Annualized poverty change (2004-2009): -4.66%
• Global benchmark percentile: 96
• Conditional benchmark percentile: 91

Human Development Index (HDI)

• UNDP HDI (2012): 0.622
• Global ranking (2012): 125/186
• ECA ranking (2012): 28/29

Demographics

• Population by poverty status (2009):
  • Living below US$ 2.50: 41%
  • Living between US$ 2.50-5.00: 47%
  • Living above US$ 5.00: 12%
• Rural population (% of total): 73% (2012)
• Urban population (% of total): 27% (2009)

Key Indicators by Quintile

Education

• Proportion with None/<Primary (%): 6% (2009)
• Proportion with Basic (%): 20% (2009)
• Proportion with General Secondary (%): 54% (2009)
• Proportion with Special Secondary (%): 11% (2009)
• Proportion with Tertiary (%): 10% (2009)

Access to Economic Opportunities

• Labor force participation rate (%): 48% (2009)
• Unemployment (%): 10% (2009)
• Self-employed (%): 56% (2009)

Income Sources

• Share of income from pensions (%): 12% (2009)
• Share of income from labor (%): 69% (2009)

Access to Basic Services

• Central heating (% of HHs): 5% (2009)
• Access to gas (% of HHs): 32% (2009)
• Access to piped water in house (% of HHs): 46% (2009)
• Access to electricity (% of HHs): 99% (2009)
• Refrigerator (% of HHs): 33% (2009)
• Home phone (% of HHs): 14% (2009)
• Cell phone (% of HHs): 85% (2009)
• Personal computer (% of HHs): 3% (2009)

Main Points

• Tajikistan has a relatively low GDP per capita and GNI per capita, indicating economic challenges.
• A significant portion of the population (over 40%) lives below the US$ 2.50 poverty line, with extreme poverty affecting 17.5%.
• Inequality is moderate, as indicated by the Gini index of 0.31 and Theil index of 0.17.
• Income and consumption growth for the bottom 40% outperformed the overall population growth, suggesting some progress in poverty reduction.
• The poverty change from 2004 to 2009 was negative, indicating a decline in poverty rates, though the methodology used may affect comparability.
• The HDI score for Tajikistan in 2012 was 0.622, placing it at 125th globally and 28th in the Economic Community of Central Asia (ECA).
• Demographic data shows that a majority of the population resides in rural areas, and a large percentage of households have more than four members.
• Education levels are generally low, with a significant proportion of the population having no formal education or only primary schooling.
• Access to basic services like electricity is widespread, but access to gas, piped water, and other services remains limited.
• The labor force participation rate is moderate, with a high percentage of self-employed individuals, indicating a reliance on informal employment.