2003年-世界发展银行全球_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina___Poverty_Assessment_Volume_2_Data_on_Poverty_98页_8mb

Bosnia and Herzegovina Poverty Assessment (Volume II: Data on Poverty)

Core Content

This document outlines the methodology and data collection process for the Bosnia and Herzegovina Living Standards Measurement Study (BiH-LSMS), which was conducted to measure poverty and welfare in the country. It provides detailed information on the survey design, data collection, and analysis techniques used to construct poverty lines and assess poverty incidence, inequality, and the characteristics of the poor.

Main Points and Key Information

1. Survey Overview

• The BiH-LSMS is a multi-topic household survey conducted in late 2001 to assess welfare levels and their correlation with social variables such as unemployment, health, and education.
• The survey was designed to provide micro-level data on household consumption, income, and other socio-economic indicators, allowing for a more nuanced understanding of poverty than GDP per capita data.
• The survey includes 13 modules covering various aspects of household life, including:
  • Roster (household members)
  • Housing (type, condition, utilities)
  • Education (school attendance, literacy, financial assistance)
  • Health (healthcare utilization, self-medication, mental health)
  • Labor (employment status, earnings, hours worked)
  • Credit (borrowing patterns)
  • Privatization vouchers
  • Migration (origin, reasons, status)
  • Social Assistance (pensions, allowances)
  • Consumption (food, non-food items, own production)
  • Non-Agricultural Business (enterprise details, labor, revenues)
  • Agricultural Activities (land use, production, inputs, livestock)
  • End of First Visit (for follow-up modules)

2. Survey Design and Implementation

• The sample design was based on a master sample constructed using population estimates from the 1991 Census.
• Probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling was used to select 250 enumeration areas (EAs) from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FbiH) and 200 EAs from Republika Srpska (RS), totaling 450 EAs.
• 12 households were randomly selected from each EA, resulting in a total sample of 5,400 households (3,000 in FbiH and 2,400 in RS).
• Weighting was applied to ensure the sample was representative of the population, and the weights were adjusted to reflect the population distribution across municipalities.

3. Data Collection and Processing

• Fieldwork was conducted by the three statistical organizations: BHAS (BiH State Agency for Statistics), RSIS (RS Institute of Statistics), and FIS (FbiH Institute of Statistics).
• Enumerators and controllers were recruited and trained by these institutes.
• Data entry, cleaning, and variable definitions were performed to ensure accuracy and consistency.
• Key definitions include:
  • Urban, Rural, and Mixed Localities
  • Labor Market Status
  • Social Assistance and Pensions
  • IDPs and Refugees

4. Poverty Measurement and Analysis

• The document outlines the construction of poverty lines, including:
  • Relative Poverty Lines (based on income relative to the median)
  • Absolute Poverty Lines (based on basic needs)
• Consumption aggregates were used to measure welfare, incorporating:
  • Food consumption
  • Non-food consumption (transport, education, housing, durable goods, etc.)
  • Spatial price adjustments to account for regional cost differences
  • Per capita or adult equivalent calculations to adjust for household size
• Poverty indices and inequality measures were developed to analyze the distribution of poverty across different groups and regions.
• Poverty profiles were created for the country and its two Entities (FbiH and RS), highlighting poverty rates and the composition of the poor population.

5. Robustness Checks

• The robustness of poverty findings was tested using:
  • Alternative equivalence scales
  • Different poverty lines
  • Alternative definitions of well-being
• These checks were conducted across various demographic and economic factors, including:
  • Location
  • Displacement status
  • Education of the household head
  • Employment status
  • Household size

6. Key Findings and Purpose

• The purpose of this volume is to describe the methodology used to construct a poverty measure in BiH using BiH-LSMS data.
• It provides a detailed poverty profile at the national and Entity levels.
• The findings are closely linked to the analysis in Volume I, which outlines the overall poverty assessment framework.
• Annexes include:
  • Tests for economies of scale
  • Detailed nutritional assessment for food poverty line
  • Construction of the general poverty line

7. Support and Collaboration

• The project received financial and technical support from:
  • UK Department for International Development (DfID)
  • United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
  • Japanese Government
  • World Bank
• A Steering Board managed the project, including:
  • Directors of the RS and FbiH Statistical Institutes
  • Representatives from DfID, UNDP, and the World Bank
• A Survey Management Team was composed of two professionals from each of the three statistical organizations.

Conclusion

This volume serves as a comprehensive guide to the methodology used in the BiH-LSMS survey, providing essential insights into how poverty is measured and analyzed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It includes detailed descriptions of the survey design, data collection process, and robustness checks, which are critical for understanding the accuracy and reliability of poverty estimates in the country.