6G无线智能无处不在的关键驱动与研究挑战（6G白皮书）_37页_8mb

6G Research Visions Summary

Core Content

This document outlines the key drivers and research challenges for the development of 6G Ubiquitous Wireless Intelligence, focusing on the technological, societal, and business aspects that will shape the 6G era. It is a white paper produced by the 6G Flagship program at the University of Oulu, Finland, following the first 6G Wireless Summit in March 2019. The document sets the foundation for the annual revision of 6G research visions and highlights the vision statement: Ubiquitous Wireless Intelligence.

Main Points

1. 6G Vision: Ubiquitous Wireless Intelligence

• Ubiquitous: Services follow users everywhere seamlessly.
• Wireless: Connectivity is part of critical infrastructure.
• Intelligence: Context-aware smart services for both human and non-human users.

2. Drivers for 6G Development

• Societal Drivers:
  • Growing and aging population.
  • Increasing urbanization.
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030.
• Business Drivers:
  • Productivity demands.
  • Cost efficiency and energy savings.
  • Trustworthiness and resilience in systems.
• Technological Drivers:
  • Emerging technologies such as AI, machine learning, and high-resolution imaging.
  • Need for new KPIs and system capabilities.

3. Key Use Cases and New Device Forms

• XR Experiences (Extended Reality):
  • Includes Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR).
  • Expected to replace smartphones with lightweight glasses for high-resolution, high-frame-rate, and high-dynamic-range experiences.
• Telepresence:
  • Enables remote interaction through high-resolution imaging, wearable displays, mobile robots, and drones.
  • Aims to create a sense of presence through real-time 3D holographic rendering and movement data.
• Autonomous Vehicles:
  • Will be supported by next-generation wireless networks and distributed AI.
  • Requires ultra-reliable communication, low latency, and high accuracy in positioning and synchronization.
  • Expected to dominate transport and logistics, especially in developed countries by 2030.

4. 6G Spectrum and KPI Targets

• Peak Data Rates: 100 Gbps to 1 Tbps.
• Positioning Accuracy: 10 cm (indoor), 1 m (outdoor).
• Energy Efficiency: 10x improvement over 5G.
• Reliability: Max. 1 outage out of a million.
• Traffic Increase: 10,000x compared to current levels.
• Radio Latency: 0.1 ms.
• Battery Life: 20 years.
• Device Density: 100 devices per m³.

5. Challenges and Opportunities

• Spectrum Utilization:
  • Efficient use of the THz (Terahertz) spectrum to achieve high data rates.
  • New paradigms for transceiver architecture and computing are needed.
• Security and Privacy:
  • Embedded trust in the network is essential.
  • Privacy protection is a key enabler for future services.
• Network Sharing and Ecosystems:
  • Shift from traditional MNOs to local operators and new ecosystems.
  • The rise of sharing economy concepts in network functions and data context.
• Regulation:
  • A more inclusive and transparent regulatory framework is required.
  • Global harmonization of spectrum remains a challenge.

6. Research Questions

• Q1: What are the key societal requirements for 6G?
• Q2: How can ecosystem stakeholders and roles be categorized in 6G?
• Q3: What platform-based ecosystem business models could emerge in the 6G sharing economy?
• Q4: How can AI and ML transform 6G ecosystems and services?
• Q5: What minimum viable regulation is needed for 6G to meet societal needs?
• Q6: How can new mechanisms and business models support inclusion and access in remote areas?

7. New Technologies and Enablers

• Wireless Hardware:
  • THz technologies, advanced sensors, and imaging devices.
• Physical Layer:
  • New modulation and duplexing schemes beyond QAM and OFDM.
• User Interface and Service Enablers:
  • XR devices, biosensors, specialized processors, and haptic interfaces.

Key Information

• 6G is expected to emerge around 2030, following the 5G evolution.
• Sustainability is a major driver, with the UN SDGs playing a central role.
• Urbanization will demand super-efficient ICT services and resilient systems.
• 6G will not only move data but also serve as a framework for ubiquitous intelligence and context-aware services.
• Security and privacy will be more critical than ever, with the need for embedded trust in the network.
• Regulation will play a vital role in shaping the 6G ecosystem and ensuring fair access and sustainable development.

Conclusion

6G is envisioned to be a transformative technology that goes beyond just communication, integrating intelligence, sensing, and data processing to enable new services and applications. It will require a holistic approach, involving a wide range of stakeholders, new technologies, and innovative business models. The document emphasizes the need for research to address the technical, societal, and regulatory challenges to make 6G a reality by the 2030s.