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London Ministerial on Yemen: Summary of Recommendations

Core Content

The London Ministerial on Yemen, held on January 27, 2010, aimed to bring together the international community and the Yemeni government to address a range of social and security challenges affecting Yemen. The event was designed to foster dialogue and develop actionable initiatives that would not only benefit Yemeni citizens but also have broader implications for regional and global stability. The recommendations outlined were intended to guide future actions but did not represent a consensus.

Main Recommendations

1. Focus International Leadership and Attention

• Establish a Friends of Yemen Contact Group: This group should include senior representatives from the Yemeni government, the Obama administration, European governments, the European Union, and the United Nations.
• Include key regional players: Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Egypt, and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) are highlighted as essential participants.
• Regular meetings: The group should meet on a regular basis, with no more than 60 days between meetings over the next two to three years.
• Bi-annual Foreign Minister-level meetings: These would be used to review and adjust the group's work.

2. Broaden the International Engagement Lens

• Move beyond AQAP focus: While combating terrorism is important, the international community should also address other pressing issues in Yemen, such as poverty, healthcare, and infrastructure.
• Needs-based assistance: International aid should be directed based on actual needs, using existing or newly collected opinion data.
• Funds oversight: The Contact Group should be responsible for overseeing financial support to ensure it is used effectively.

3. Explore International Mediation for Internal Conflicts

• Address North and South conflicts: The Houthi uprising in the North and the separatist movement in the South are undermining the government's ability to serve its citizens and counter AQAP.
• Mediation efforts: The international community should consider mediation and support to help resolve these conflicts more quickly.

4. Establish a Global Fund for Yemen’s Water Crisis

• Water scarcity: Yemen is facing a severe water crisis, with its aquifers expected to dry up in the near future.
• Fund objectives: The global fund should support the acquisition of advanced water technologies, assessment of water needs, and infrastructure development for widespread water delivery.

5. Develop a Plan for Transition from a Petroleum-Based Economy

• Depleting oil reserves: Yemen's reliance on oil is unsustainable as reserves decline.
• Transition strategy: The Contact Group should assist in creating a comprehensive economic transition plan, including financial support to offset the loss of oil revenue in the short term.

6. Create an Internationally Funded and Monitored Reintegration and Risk Reduction Initiative

• Program goals: The initiative should focus on reintegrating individuals who have been involved in violence, particularly those cleared for release from Guantanamo.
• Tailored programs: Each participant should receive a customized reintegration plan that addresses their specific needs, including psychological counseling, medical care, job training, and financial assistance.
• Community engagement: The program should involve local imams, tribes, and families to promote social reintegration.
• Sustainable employment: Job opportunities that allow participants to reintegrate into society should be a central component.
• International monitoring: The initiative should be internationally funded and monitored, with local civil society involvement.
• Success metrics: International experts should be involved in developing a clear protocol for measuring success.

Key Information

• The recommendations emphasize the need for coordinated international efforts to address Yemen's multifaceted challenges.
• There is a strong focus on non-military solutions, including reintegration programs, economic diversification, and water infrastructure.
• The Yemeni government is expected to play a central role in these initiatives, with international support and monitoring.
• The closing of Guantanamo is highlighted as an opportunity to reintegrate Yemeni detainees through the proposed Risk Reduction Initiative.
• The Contact Group is seen as a crucial mechanism for sustained engagement and policy coordination.

These recommendations reflect a holistic approach to Yemen’s challenges, combining security, economic, social, and humanitarian elements into a unified strategy.