2013年-世界发展银行全球_Jordan__Workforce_Development___SABER_Country_Report_2013_58页_1mb

Jordan Workforce Development Summary

Core Content

This report provides an analysis of Jordan's Workforce Development (WfD) system using the SABER-WfD tool, which assesses policy and institutional frameworks. It highlights the challenges and opportunities in aligning WfD with national economic and social priorities, emphasizing the need for integrated, coherent, and effective strategies.

Main Findings

1. Strategic Framework

• Status: Rated at the Emerging level.
• Key Issues:
  • The government has prioritized WfD as a key element of economic progress, but there is limited alignment with broader economic development plans.
  • Stakeholder roles and responsibilities in WfD are fragmented, with no unified vision or strategy.
  • Employers have limited influence in shaping and implementing WfD priorities.
• Recommendations:
  • Establish an apex-level body to provide visible leadership and coordinate WfD strategies.
  • Ensure strategic coherence between WfD policies and national development goals.

2. System Oversight

• Status: Rated at the Emerging level.
• Key Issues:
  • Quality assurance systems are lacking coherence, structure, transparency, and consistency.
  • There is limited funding and incentives for high performance and resource optimization.
• Recommendations:
  • Develop a well-integrated national system for quality assurance.
  • Ensure transparent and consistent funding mechanisms and monitoring practices.

3. Service Delivery

• Status: Rated at the Emerging level.
• Key Issues:
  • Industry stakeholders provide only occasional input into training curricula.
  • Their role in governance of training institutions is limited.
  • A culture of monitoring and evaluation is underdeveloped, and reliable data is lacking.
• Recommendations:
  • Enhance stakeholder involvement in curriculum design and institutional governance.
  • Develop a monitoring and evaluation culture supported by reliable data and feedback mechanisms.

Key Economic and Social Context

• Jordan is a small, young, and energy-dependent country with a highly urbanized population.
• The country has seen significant human development improvements, including a 29% increase in HDI from 1980 to 2011, and a 92.6% adult literacy rate.
• Despite economic growth (averaging 6.7% per year from 2001 to 2011), there is limited correlation between growth and employment rates.
• Unemployment rates remain 12–14%, and female labor participation is among the lowest globally.
• Demographic challenges are significant, with 70% of the population under 30 and 3.5 million working-age individuals.
• The working-age population is expected to grow to 4.4 million by 2020 and 6 million by 2030, increasing pressure on the labor market.

Policy Implications

• A coherent strategic framework is essential to align WfD with national priorities and ensure effective implementation.
• System oversight must be strengthened to ensure quality assurance and resource efficiency.
• Service delivery needs to be more responsive to market demands and supported by reliable data.
• Integrated reform is necessary to address fragmentation, lack of coordination, and weak accountability.
• Stakeholder collaboration is crucial, especially between government, employers, and service providers.

Recommendations

• Create an apex-level body to guide WfD reforms and ensure coordination and accountability.
• Implement incremental progress to build momentum and inspire broader reform.
• Develop a 'learning to do' and 'do to learn' approach, supported by continuous feedback and self-correcting mechanisms.
• Enhance stakeholder engagement, particularly from employers, to ensure curriculum relevance and institutional effectiveness.
• Strengthen monitoring and evaluation systems to track reform progress and policy impact.

Conclusion

Jordan has a strong foundation in WfD policies and institutions, but the capacity to translate these into tangible outcomes remains limited. The Emerging rating across all three dimensions indicates that while good practices exist, systemic weaknesses hinder effective implementation. To achieve sustainable growth and employment, Jordan must address these gaps through integrated, coherent, and accountable reforms.