2023-10-02-世界卫生组织-Outcomes_of_the_Strategic_Advisory_Group_of_Experts_on_Immunization_meeting_25–29_September_15页_137kb

WHO Strategic Advisory Group (SAGE) Outcomes Summary - October 2023

• Key Developments:

  • Two Malaria Vaccines Recommended:

    • RTS,S + R21/Matrix-M vaccines recommended for preventing malaria in children across regions with varying transmission levels.
    • R21 (RTS,S equivalent) shows 75% efficacy in children after three doses; a fourth dose ensures sustained protection.
    • Safety monitoring will continue during rollout.

  • Dengue and Meningitis Vaccines:

    • SAGE also recommended new vaccines for dengue (Qdenga) and meningitis (Men5CV, pentavalent).

  • COVID-19 Recommendations:

    • Primary immunization with a single dose of COVID-19 vaccines suffices for most individuals, given prior infections.
    • Rollout of bivalent XBB vaccines recommended where available.

  • Antimicrobial Resistance:

    • Vaccines can help curb resistance by reducing disease burden; ongoing clinical trials should gather relevant data.

• Impact on Global Health:

  • Malaria:

    • The introduction of these vaccines is expected to prevent significant malaria mortality, particularly in Africa (95% cases, 96% deaths).
    • Rolling out of the two vaccines will address supply gaps, enabling broader access.

  • Cost-Effectiveness and Manufacturing:

    • Gavi expects the R21 vaccine to be available at between $2-$4 per dose.
    • The manufacturer has committed to producing at least 100 million doses annually by 2024.
    • WHO prequalification process will follow soon, enabling procurement by UNICEF and Gavi.

• Future Actions:

  • More countries (28 in Africa) plan to incorporate WHO-recommended malaria vaccines into national immunization programs.
  • Integration with existing tools (bed nets, insect repellents) is critical for maximum impact.
  • Strengthening primary healthcare systems to handle vaccine distribution and monitor efficacy.

• Conclusion: The dual WHO recommendations on malaria and other disease vaccines mark a significant step in global health, offering hope to combat persistent diseases like malaria and tackle antimicrobial resistance.