2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Latvia_111页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Latvia Summary

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2017 report by the World Bank Group provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for businesses in Latvia, focusing on 11 key areas that impact the ease of doing business. It evaluates the number of procedures, time, and cost involved in these processes and compares Latvia with other economies, including comparator countries and global best performers.

The report introduces a gender dimension in several indicators, measuring the differences in procedures, time, and cost for men and women entrepreneurs. It also includes a new pilot indicator on selling to the government and expands the data set to include Somalia, bringing the total number of economies covered to 190.

Main Indicators and Performance

Key Areas of Business Regulation

1. Starting a Business

• Rank: 22 (DB2017), 20 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 94.15 (DB2017), 94.15 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 4 for both men and women
• Time (days): 5.5 for both
• Cost (% of income): 1.5 for both
• Comparison: Latvia's performance is close to the global best performer, New Zealand, which has only 1 procedure, takes 0.5 days, and costs 0.0% of income.

2. Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 23 (DB2017), 20 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 78.93 (DB2017), 78.94 (DB2016)
• Procedures (number): 12
• Time (days): 147
• Cost (% of warehouse value): 0.3
• Comparison: Latvia ranks above the regional average but is still behind the global best performer, New Zealand, which has 7 procedures and a DTF score of 87.40.

3. Getting Electricity

• Rank: 42 (DB2017), 57 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 82.14 (DB2017), 78.99 (DB2016)
• Procedures (number): 4
• Time (days): 107
• Cost (% of income): 289.6
• Comparison: Latvia has improved from DB2016 to DB2017, with 4 procedures and 107 days, but still lags behind the global best performer, South Korea, which has 3 procedures and a time of 18 days.

4. Registering Property

• Rank: 23 (DB2017), 23 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 81.87 (DB2017), 81.87 (DB2016)
• Procedures (number): 4
• Time (days): 16.5
• Cost (% of property value): 2.0
• Comparison: Latvia has a relatively high cost of 2.0% of property value, compared to Singapore, which has a cost of 0.0%.

5. Getting Credit

• Rank: 7 (DB2017), 19 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 85.00 (DB2017), 75.00 (DB2016)
• Procedures (number): 8
• Time (days): 168.5
• Cost (% of claim): 23.1
• Comparison: Latvia has improved in this area, with a DTF score of 85.00, but still has a long time of 168.5 hours and high cost compared to the global best performer, New Zealand, which has a DTF score of 100.00.

6. Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank: 42 (DB2017), 40 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 63.33 (DB2017), 63.33 (DB2016)
• Strength of minority investor protection index: 6.3
• Comparison: Latvia is ranked below the global best performer, New Zealand, which has a DTF score of 83.33 and a strength index of 8.3.

7. Paying Taxes

• Rank: 15 (DB2017), 16 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 89.79 (DB2017), 88.84 (DB2016)
• Payments (number per year): 7
• Time (hours per year): 168.5
• Total tax rate (% of profit): 35.9
• Postfiling index: 98.1
• Comparison: Latvia has a high postfiling index, close to the global best performer, the United Arab Emirates, which has a DTF score of 99.44.

8. Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 25 (DB2017), 25 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 95.26 (DB2017), 95.26 (DB2016)
• Time to export: Border compliance (hours): 24
• Cost to export: Border compliance (USD): 150
• Time to export: Documentary compliance (hours): 2
• Cost to export: Documentary compliance (USD): 35
• Time to import: Border compliance (hours): 0
• Cost to import: Border compliance (USD): 0
• Comparison: Latvia performs well in import compliance but has high costs and time for export compliance. The global best performers include 10 economies with 0 time and cost for both import and export.

9. Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 23 (DB2017), 23 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 71.66 (DB2017), 71.66 (DB2016)
• Time (days): 469
• Cost (% of claim): 23.1
• Quality of judicial processes index (0-18): 12.5
• Comparison: Latvia is behind the global best performer, Singapore, which has a DTF score of 84.15 and a time of 164 days.

10. Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 44 (DB2017), 43 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 63.95 (DB2017), 63.39 (DB2016)
• Recovery rate (cents on the dollar): 49.1
• Time (years): 1.5
• Cost (% of estate): 10.0
• Comparison: Latvia ranks lower than the global best performer, Finland, which has a DTF score of 93.89 and a recovery rate of 92.9 cents per dollar.

Methodology and Notes

• The report uses an aggregate ranking and distance to frontier (DTF) score to evaluate the ease of doing business.
• The DTF score ranges from 0 to 100, with 0 representing the worst performance and 100 the frontier.
• The gender dimension is included in the starting a business, registering property, and enforcing contracts indicators.
• Data in the report is current as of June 1, 2016, except for the paying taxes indicators, which cover January–December 2015.
• The report does not include labor market regulation in the aggregate ranking but provides the data in the economy profile.

Rank and DTF Changes

• Ease of Doing Business Rank: 14 (DB2017), 17 (DB2016) → Improved by 3 positions
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): 80.61 (DB2017), 79.14 (DB2016) → Improved by 1.47 points

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report highlights that Latvia has made progress in improving its business environment, particularly in the areas of starting a business, getting credit, and paying taxes. However, there is still room for improvement in areas such as dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, and enforcing contracts. The inclusion of a gender dimension and new indicators helps to provide a more nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by different groups in the business environment. Overall, Latvia's performance is above the regional average but lags behind the global best performers.