2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___United_States_127页_1mb

报告摘要

Doing Business 2017: United States Summary

Core Content

Doing Business 2017 is a World Bank Group flagship report that evaluates the ease of doing business across 190 economies, focusing on regulatory environments for small to medium-sized businesses. The report measures 11 key areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. It also introduces a gender dimension in some indicators and expands the paying taxes section to include postfiling processes.

Key Indicators and Rankings

Overall Rankings

DB2017 Rank: 8
DB2016 Rank: 7 (adjusted for methodology and data revisions)
Change in Rank: -1
DB2017 DTF (Distance to Frontier): 82.45
DB2016 DTF: 82.46
Change in DTF: -0.01

Main Points

Methodology Changes

The paying taxes indicator was expanded to include postfiling processes (tax refunds, audits, and appeals).
A gender component was introduced in three of the 11 indicators: starting a business, registering property, and enforcing contracts.
A new pilot indicator on selling to the government was added.
For the first time, Somalia was included in the dataset, bringing the total to 190 economies.

Comparison and Benchmarking

The report provides data for comparator economies to enable meaningful comparisons.
DTF scores benchmark economies against regulatory best practices, while the ease of doing business ranking compares them against each other.
DTF scores show the absolute distance from the best performance in each indicator, while rankings show relative changes.

Key Information

United States Performance

Starting a Business:
- Rank: 51
- DTF Score: 91.23
- Procedures (Men): 6.0
- Time (Men): 5.6 days
- Cost (Men): 1.1% of income per capita
- Procedures (Women): 6.0
- Time (Women): 5.6 days
- Cost (Women): 1.1% of income per capita
Dealing with Construction Permits:
- Rank: 39
- DTF Score: 75.74
- Procedures: 15.8
- Time: 80.6 days
- Cost: 1.0% of warehouse value
Getting Electricity:
- Rank: 36
- DTF Score: 83.39
- Procedures: 4.8
- Time: 89.6 days
- Cost: 24.4% of income per capita
Registering Property:
- Rank: 36
- DTF Score: 76.80
- Procedures: 4.4
- Time: 15.2 days
- Cost: 2.4% of property value
Getting Credit:
- Rank: 2
- DTF Score: 95.00
- Strength of legal rights index: 11.0
- Depth of credit information index: 8.0
- Credit bureau coverage: 100.0% of adults
Protecting Minority Investors:
- Rank: 41
- DTF Score: 64.67
- Strength of minority investor protection index: 6.5
- Extent of conflict of interest regulation index: 8.3
- Extent of shareholder governance index: 4.6
Paying Taxes:
- Rank: 36
- DTF Score: 83.85
- Payments per year: 10.6
- Time per year: 175 hours
- Total tax rate: 44.0% of profit
Trading Across Borders:
- Rank: 35
- DTF Score: 92.01
- Time to export (border compliance): 2 hours
- Cost to export (border compliance): $175
- Time to export (documentary compliance): 2 hours
- Cost to export (documentary compliance): $60
- Time to import (border compliance): 2 hours
- Cost to import (border compliance): $175
- Time to import (documentary compliance): 8 hours
- Cost to import (documentary compliance): $100
Enforcing Contracts:
- Rank: 20
- DTF Score: 72.61
- Time: 420 days
- Cost: 30.5% of claim
- Quality of judicial processes index: 13.8
Resolving Insolvency:
- Rank: 5
- DTF Score: 89.19
- Recovery rate: 78.6 cents per dollar
- Time: 1.5 years
- Cost: 10.0% of estate
- Strength of insolvency framework index: 15.0

Key Findings

The United States maintains a high DTF score across most indicators, reflecting a relatively efficient regulatory environment.
The paying taxes and resolving insolvency indicators show the largest DTF score, indicating that the U.S. is closer to the best practices in these areas.
The getting electricity indicator shows a significant improvement in DTF score from 2016 to 2017.
The starting a business process is efficient for both men and women, with similar procedure numbers and time frames.
The protecting minority investors indicator shows room for improvement, as the U.S. lags behind the best performers.
The gender dimension in the report highlights that the U.S. has similar procedures for both genders, but there is potential for further improvements in gender-specific processes.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report provides a comprehensive overview of the U.S. business environment, highlighting strengths and areas for reform. The introduction of the gender component and new methodologies enhance the understanding of regulatory challenges and opportunities. The U.S. remains among the top performers, but continuous improvements in certain areas, such as minority investor protection, can further enhance its ease of doing business ranking.

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