2021-06-28-世界卫生组织-Hypertension_Eswatini_2020_country_profile_2页_376kb

Eswatini Hypertension Fact Sheet Summary

Core Content

The document provides a detailed overview of the burden of hypertension in Eswatini, focusing on data from 2014 and updates from 2019. It outlines the prevalence of hypertension, awareness, treatment, and control rates among the adult population, as well as national policy responses and WHO recommendations for prevention and control.

Key Statistics (2014)

• Total Population: 1,095,022
• Adult Population (15+ years): 155,300
• Hypertension Prevalence: 24.3% of adults
• Uncontrolled Hypertension: 144,200 people (do not have it under control)
• Aware (Diagnosed): 57,900 people
• Under Treatment: 34,600 people
• Controlled: 11,000 people

Hypertension Cascade by Age and Sex (2014)

• Males:
  • 15-69 years: 67.8 (22.5%)
  • 18-29 years: 24.8 (15.7%)
  • 30-44 years: 19.8 (23.6%)
  • 44-69 years: 25.6 (43.5%)
• Females:
  • 15-69 years: 87.1 (25.8%)
  • 18-29 years: 18.8 (10.9%)
  • 30-44 years: 30.6 (28.9%)
  • 44-69 years: 38.1 (49.4%)

National Systems Response (2019)

• Policy Availability:
  • There is a policy in place to reduce population salt/sodium consumption.
• Medicine Availability:
  • Essential hypertension-related medicines are reported as "generally available" in the public sector.
• Blood Pressure Measurement:
  • Blood pressure measurement is reported as "generally available" in primary health care facilities of the public sector.

Trends in Uncontrolled Hypertension Prevalence (Adults aged 18+)

• Past Trends:
  • The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension has shown a trend, though specific data is not detailed.
• Projected Linear Trends:
  • Not specified in the document.
• Global Targets:
  • The document indicates that global targets are not explicitly met, but the trend shows a decrease over time.

WHO Recommendations for Hypertension Prevention and Control

• Address Population Prevalence:
  • Reduce modifiable risk factors such as excessive salt consumption, high saturated fat and trans fat intake, low fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, tobacco and alcohol use, and overweight/obesity.
  • Utilize the WHO MPOWER, ACTIVE, SHAKE, REPLACE, and HEARTS technical packages for effective intervention.
• Improve Hypertension Control:
  • Enhance identification and treatment of people with hypertension using evidence-based protocols.
  • Intensify treatment for patients whose blood pressure is not controlled and ensure access to medicines.
  • Monitor blood pressure control rates in clinical settings and measure population prevalence.

Definitions

• Population with Hypertension:
  • Individuals with SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, or who have been diagnosed with hypertension and are currently on medication.
• Aware (Diagnosed):
  • Individuals who meet the hypertension definition and have been told by a health worker they have hypertension.
• Under Treatment:
  • Individuals who meet the hypertension definition and are currently on treatment with prescribed medication.
• Controlled:
  • Individuals with SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg, who are also aware and under treatment.

Data Sources

1. Prevalence and Cascade Data: From the Eswatini 2014 STEPS survey.
2. Population Estimates: Derived from UN estimates of the 2014 Eswatini population aged 15-69.
3. National Systems Response: From the 2019 National County Capacity Survey for NCDs.
4. Trend Data: From the WHO Global Health Observatory data repository, using age-standardized estimates of raised blood pressure.