2021-06-28-世界卫生组织-Hypertension_Niue_2020_country_profile_2页_384kb

Hypertension in Niue Summary

Burden of Hypertension (2010):

• Total population: 1,496.
• 31.2% (346.6 adults) had hypertension.
• Among those with hypertension:
  • Aware (diagnosed): 208.7 (60.4% of hypertensives).
  • Under treatment: 184.4 (53.3% of hypertensives).
  • Controlled: 79.4 (23.0% of hypertensives).

Age and Sex Distribution:

• Prevalence increases with age; males showed higher rates in older age groups (e.g., 55-64 and 65+), while females had higher prevalence from younger ages (e.g., 15-24 and 25-34). Age-specific data shows increasing trends in all age groups.

National Systems Response:

• Essential hypertension medicines (e.g., thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors) available in primary health care.
• No specific national targets for salt/sodium consumption or hypertension prevalence.
• Blood pressure measurement reported as generally available in public primary care facilities.

WHO Recommendations for Prevention and Control:

• Address modifiable risks: reduce excessive salt consumption, saturated fats, trans fats, low fruit/vegetable intake, physical inactivity, tobacco/alcohol use, and overweight/obesity.
• Use WHO technical packages like MPOWER, ACTIVE, SHAKE, REPLACE, and HEARTS.
• Improve hypertension identification, treatment with evidence-based protocols, treatment intensification for uncontrolled cases, and ensure access to medicines.
• Track blood pressure control rates and population prevalence.

Trends in Hypertension:

• Uncontrolled hypertension prevalence in adults aged 18+ has increased over time from 2000 to 2025, though specific data starts from 2000.
• Global targets are referenced but not detailed for Niue.

Definitions:

• Hypertension defined by SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg (mean of 2nd and 3rd measurements) or clinical diagnosis.
• Aware: Meets hypertension definition and diagnosed by healthcare professional.
• Under treatment: Aware, treated with prescribed medication in past two weeks.
• Controlled: SBP <140 and DBP <90 mmHg, and under treatment.