2022-07-05-世界卫生组织-Immunization_Hungary_2022_country_profile_16页_347kb

WHO and UNICEF National Immunization Coverage Estimates Summary

Core Content

WHO and UNICEF jointly estimate national immunization coverage to provide a comprehensive view of vaccine accessibility and uptake across countries. These estimates are based on a variety of data sources and are adjusted for potential biases and inconsistencies. The estimates are country-specific and not derived from other countries' data in the absence of local data.

Main Viewpoints

• Estimate Methodology: The estimates are not based on ad hoc adjustments but are derived from empirical data, recalculations using independent denominators, and supporting surveys where available.
• Grade of Confidence (GoC): GoC reflects the empirical support for the estimates, not the quality of the data itself. It is used to indicate the reliability of the estimate based on the data sources and their consistency.
• Data Sources:
  • Administrative Data: Reported by national authorities based on aggregated health service provider data.
  • Official Data: Estimated coverage based on national authorities' assessment, which may include administrative, survey, or other data sources.
  • Survey Data: Derived from population-based household surveys of children aged 12-23 or 24-35 months.
• Special Cases:
  • IPV1: Reflects coverage with at least one routine dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) for countries using only IPV.
  • Pol3: Refers to the third dose of any polio-containing vaccine, including both oral and inactivated polio vaccines.
  • HepBB: Percentage of births receiving hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours, only available for countries with a universal policy.
  • HepB3: Third dose of hepatitis B vaccine for surviving infants.
  • Hib3: Third dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine.
  • RotaC: Final recommended dose of rotavirus vaccine, which may be the 2nd or 3rd dose depending on the vaccine.
  • PcV3: Third dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, may reflect two doses before the first birthday in some countries.
  • MCV1 and MCV2: First and second doses of measles-containing vaccine, based on the nationally recommended schedule.
  • YFV: Yellow fever vaccine coverage for surviving infants in countries where it is part of the immunization schedule.

Key Information

• Estimate Calibration: For most years, reported data are calibrated to 1997 levels, indicating a potential lack of updated or accurate data.
• Consistency Across Antigens: A critical factor in assigning GoC, ensuring that coverage levels for different vaccines are consistent.
• GoC Categories:
  • ●●: Well-supported estimates with reported data, recalculated denominator, and at least one supporting survey within 2 years.
  • ●: Estimate is supported by reported data and recalculated denominator, but no supporting survey within 2 years.
  • NA: No official data available.
• Survey Recommendations: WHO and UNICEF recommend high-quality household surveys to validate reported coverage levels, especially in the absence of recent survey data.
• Risk of Inaccuracy: Even well-supported estimates carry a risk of being incorrect due to potential biases and limitations in data sources.
• No Confidence Intervals: Classical measures of uncertainty, such as confidence intervals, are not provided due to the lack of an underlying probability model.

Summary Table

Notes

• 2021: Reported data calibrated to 1997 levels. Target population of surviving infants increased by 4% from 2020. No recent survey available. GoC = R+ D+.
• 2020 and 2019: Data calibrated to 1997 levels. GoC = R+ D+.
• 2018 and 2017: Data calibrated to 1997 levels. Programme reports half-month stock out in 2017. GoC = R+ D+.
• 2015: Data calibrated to 1997 levels. Programme reports a two-month national level stock-out. GoC = R+ D+.
• 2014-2013: Data calibrated to 1997 levels. GoC = Assigned by working group based on consistency across antigens.
• 2012-2011: Data calibrated to 1997 levels. GoC = Assigned by working group based on consistency across antigens.
• 2010: Data calibrated to 1997 levels. GoC = Assigned by working group based on consistency across antigens.

Disclaimer

All data and estimates are provided with the understanding that they are based on varying quality information and should be used with caution. The responsibility for interpretation and use lies with the reader.