2022-03-25-世界知识产权组织-利用创新和知识产权数据进行性别分析指南（中）_13页_1mb

Why Gender Analysis in Innovation and IP Data?
Conducting gender analysis helps ensure equal access and utilization of intellectual property (IP) systems to translate creativity into economic, social, and cultural development. It provides evidence for policy decisions by identifying disparities in IP data.

Challenges
Existing IP and innovation data often lacks clear gender information, making it hard to create reliable gender indicators and economic analyses.

Data Collection Methods
Two main approaches: direct collection (e.g., adding gender fields in IP application forms, allowing self-identification) or indirect gender classification. Direct methods are simple but costly and privacy-sensitive; indirect methods use secondary sources, semantic rules (e.g., name endings in Spanish or title prefixes like "Mr/Mrs"), or gender-name dictionaries.

Key Tools and Resources
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) offers the World Gender Name Dictionary for gender classification based on names. Preparation involves cleaning name data, selecting a suitable dictionary version, and manually verifying classification accuracy.

Choosing Gender-Sensitive Indicators
Various metrics can assess gender balance:

• Gender benchmarks (e.g., percentage of female inventors).
• Team collaboration analysis (e.g., team gender composition).
• Sectoral analysis (e.g., gender representation in different industries using IP classifications).
• Geographical distribution (e.g., gender percentages by location).
  These indicators help track progress and inform policies for equitable gender representation in innovation.