世界经济论坛-加快全球商业和非洲投资的行动计划（英）-2024.1-36页_3mb

An Action Plan to Accelerate Global Business and Investment in Africa

White Paper, January 2024

Background

• The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), representing 1.7 billion people and $6.7 trillion in spending by 2030, aims to increase regional real incomes by ~7% ($450 billion) and lift 30 million from extreme poverty.
• Established in 2021, AfCFTA seeks to unify Africa's markets and boost intra-African trade by 81% by 2035, transforming supply chains and fostering industrialization.

Key Goals & Objectives

1. Economic Growth:

   • Enhance intra-African trade ($7 trillion market by 2030).
   • Accelerate local production and manufacturing across four priority sectors: automotive, agriculture and agro-processing, pharmaceuticals, and transport and logistics.

2. Sector-Specific Targets:

   • Automotive: Achieve 4-5 million vehicle manufacturing by 2035, with 2+ billion investment and expanded electric vehicle (EV) production.
   • Agriculture: Grow the sector to $1 trillion by 2030, improve local food security, and increase intra-African trade by 574% (tariff-free).
   • Pharmaceuticals: Produce 60% of Africa's vaccines locally by 2040 through regulatory harmonization and technology transfer.
   • Transport and Logistics: Increase freight demand by 2x (2 million trucks, 100k rail wagons, etc.), reduce import dependency, and develop regional infrastructure.

Four Priority Sectors and Initiatives

1. Agriculture & Agro-processing:

   • Digital farming tools, input affordability, and supply chain improvements to boost yields and exports ($1 trillion market by 2030).
   • Projects: Coca-Cola’s Mango Hub for regional sourcing, Yara International’s fertilizers and crop nutrition programs.

2. Transport & Logistics:

   • Infrastructure investments (ports, warehouses) to support rising trade volume (~$40M/year savings via digitalization).
   • Projects: DP World’s mega-logistics park in Egypt, Agility’s FDI access campaign, DHL’s SME capacity-building programs.

3. Automotive:

   • Shift to EV production leveraging Africa’s mineral reserves (19% of critical EV metals).
   • Continental strategy: 4-5 million vehicles produced by 2035, with partnerships like Volkswagen and Our Next Energy.

4. Pharmaceuticals:

   • Address regulatory fragmentation and supply chain weaknesses to enable local vaccine production.
   • Initiatives: IFPMA’s ecosystem-building, SK Bioscience’s regional vaccine hubs, and mRNA technology transfer.

Operational Tools & Support

• AfCFTA Mechanisms: Guided trade initiative, private sector engagement strategy, adjustment facility fund, and e-tariff system.
• Public-Private Collaboration: Forum Friends (60+ countries) facilitate dialogue, policy harmonization, and financing ($1+ billion funding commitments).

Challenges & Regulatory Considerations

• Trade Barriers: Remove tariffs and streamline customs processes for intra-African trade.
• Regulatory Harmonization: Align standards across Africa’s 54 countries to enable regional value chains.
• Infrastructure Gaps: Invest in ports, logistics centers, and digital connectivity for efficient trade flows.

Conclusion

The AfCFTA offers transformative potential for Africa’s economy. By leveraging continental integration, improving infrastructure, and fostering public-private partnerships, the action plan outlines a roadmap for sustainable growth, job creation, and inclusive prosperity through accelerated investment and innovation across key sectors.