2010-02-20-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_07,_15-21_February_2010_9页_766kb

MDSC Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary

Based on the provided weekly and cumulative epidemiological bulletins for cerebrospinal meningitis, here is an analysis and summary:

1. Week 07 (Feb 15-21, 2010):

   • District-Level Data:
     • High mortality districts: Burkina Faso (53 deaths, 15.4% lethality), Chad (21 deaths, 13.6%), Niger (10 deaths, 12.8%), Nigeria (13 deaths, 9.8%).
     • Epidemic Hotspots:
       • Burkina Faso: 2 epidemic districts (Nanoro & Sapouy).
       • Chad: 3 epidemic districts (Doba, Danamadji, Goundi).
       • Tchad: 3 districts in alert.
       • Niger: 1 district in alert (Ouallam).
       • Nigeria: 1 district in alert (Gumel, Long. 5.8).
     • Lethality varied across districts (Benin 23.1%, Burkina Faso 15.4%, Nigeria 23.3%) but was generally moderate.
     • Attack rates (per 100,000) exceeded baseline levels in Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, Nigeria, and Tchad, confirming epidemic/ alert phases in specific areas.

2. 2009 Weekly Summary (Weeks 1-7):

   • Cases and deaths remained high: Total cases 4,399, total deaths 574 (national average lethality ~13%). Specific high impact countries included Burkina Faso (246 deaths), Niger (29 deaths), Nigeria (55 deaths). Chad, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, and Cameroon also reported active transmission with epidemic districts.
   • High lethality recorded in Benin (17.8%), Togo (25.4%), and Nigeria (9.7%).
   • Most districts reporting were in the "Meningitis Belt," except RD Congo.

3. Laboratory Data (Pathogens):

   • Primary pathogen identified was Neisseria meningitidis.
   • NmA, Hib, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the mainserotypes/isolates.
   • Several countries lagged in reporting lab data.
   • NmW135 was detected circulating in Niger and Chad.
   • Laboratory capacity in some countries (like Mali) remains limited.

Key Points: Both the week 07 and cumulative 1-7 weeks data indicate significant ongoing transmission and malaria-related meningitis cases within the target region. High lethality persists in some areas. Burkina Faso and Chad continue to have frequent epidemic districts, coupled with low reporting completeness in some countries. N. meningitidis remains the dominant pathogen.