2016-05-30-世界卫生组织-Diabetes_Estonia_2016_country_profile_1页_339kb

Estonia has a high income status and a population of 1,313,000 people.

Mortality data indicates that diabetes deaths are relatively low in younger ages (ages 30-69), with no specific numbers provided for males and females under 70. However, deaths attributable to high blood glucose are present, with higher counts in older ages (ages 70+), particularly among females (300 deaths compared to 170 for males). Proportional mortality shows that communicable, maternal, perinatal, and nutritional conditions are the leading cause at 35%, diabetes accounts for 11%, injuries account for 5%, and other non-communicable diseases total 25%. The trends in age-standardized diabetes prevalence are increasing.

Diabetes prevalence is 9.3% overall, with higher rates in females (9.5%) than males (9.1%). Key risk factors include high overweight (60.3% overall), obesity (24.5% overall), and physical inactivity (15.2% overall).

The national response to diabetes is limited; there is no operational strategy or guideline for diabetes management beyond existing protocols for physical inactivity, which is present. No diabetes registry, risk factor survey with glucose measurement, or comprehensive policies for reducing diabetes or obesity exist. In the health sector, basic diabetes medicines (e.g., insulin, metformin) and technologies (e.g., blood glucose measurement) are generally available, while some procedures are not widely accessible.