2017年-EBA欧洲银行管理局_EBA_Final_Report_on_High_Earners_2015_45页_1012kb

EBA Report on High Earners (Data as of End 2015)

Executive Summary

The European Banking Authority (EBA) publishes aggregated data on high earners earning EUR 1 million or more per financial year, as required by Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD IV). The data for 2015 show a significant increase in the number of high earners, from 3865 in 2014 to 5142 in 2015 (+33.04%). This increase is mainly due to changes in the EUR-GBP exchange rate. Around 86% of high earners were identified staff in 2015, compared to 87% in 2014. The EBA will continue to publish data annually while benchmarking remuneration trends biannually.

Core Content

Background

• CRD IV Requirements: CRD IV introduced additional remuneration requirements, including a cap on the ratio of variable to fixed remuneration for identified staff, effective from 2014 onwards.
• Data Collection: Under Article 75(3) of CRD IV, competent authorities are responsible for collecting data on high earners. The EBA issued updated guidelines in July 2014 to ensure consistency and more granular analysis.
• Scope: The data collection applies only to staff predominantly active within the EU, including some EEA countries (Norway and Liechtenstein), excluding Iceland. Data are aggregated at the EU level and by Member State.

Main Findings

• Increase in High Earners: The number of high earners increased significantly from 3865 in 2014 to 5142 in 2015, mainly due to exchange rate fluctuations.
• UK Dominance: The UK had the largest number of high earners (4133), accounting for 80.4% of the total, most of whom are remunerated in GBP.
• Percentage of Identified Staff: The percentage of high earners who are identified staff remained stable at around 86% in 2015, compared to 87% in 2014.
• Variable to Fixed Remuneration Ratio: The average variable to fixed remuneration ratio for all high earners increased from 127% in 2014 to 147% in 2015. This ratio exceeded the maximum of 200% in some business areas, especially asset management, due to waivers.
• Deferred Variable Remuneration: The ratio of deferred variable remuneration to total variable remuneration slightly decreased from 123% in 2014 to 118% in 2015 on average per Member State.
• Exclusions and Waivers: Some Member States approved exclusions of high earners from the identified staff category under exceptional circumstances, while others applied waivers, particularly in asset management.

Key Information

Exchange Rate Impact

• The EUR-GBP exchange rate had a material impact on the number of high earners, especially in the UK.
• The definition of high earners is based on EUR 1 million, which may not reflect the actual remuneration in GBP.

Identified Staff Criteria

• Identified staff are those who have a material impact on the institution's risk profile.
• Not all high earners are identified staff due to differences in the criteria for determining the amounts used in the definitions.
• In some cases, high earners may not be identified staff if they are not assessed as having a material impact on the risk profile.

Remuneration Trends

• The EBA will benchmark remuneration trends biannually starting from 2017.
• Data on high earners will continue to be published annually to closely monitor developments.

Member State Data

• Annex I: Aggregated data at the EU level show that the total number of high earners was 5142, with 4408 being identified staff. The average variable to fixed remuneration ratio was 147%, and the average ratio of deferred variable remuneration to total variable remuneration was 60%.
• Annex II: Data by Member State show that the number of high earners varied significantly. For example, in Austria, the number was 31, while in Denmark it was 41.
• Annex III: Data broken down by payment bracket show that the highest payment bracket went up to EUR 34 million.

Summary Table

Additional Notes

• Data Collection: The data were collected from all Member States at the highest consolidated level, excluding staff predominantly active in third countries.
• Report Publication: The latest report was published on 02 February 2017, following the data collection for 2015.
• Exclusions and Waivers: Some Member States waived the requirement to identify staff within small institutions, and a few approved exclusions of high earners from the identified staff category.