世界经济论坛-开放但安全_欧洲走向战略相互依存之路（英）-2025.1_31页_2mb

报告摘要

Summary of "Open but Secure: Europe’s Path to Strategic Interdependence"

This report examines Europe's need for "strategic interdependence" in a globally fragmented, multipolar system. It argues against complete isolation or autarky, emphasizing collaboration as essential for resilience in foreign policy, defense, climate, migration, technology, and economics. Europe must rebalance its relationships—enhancing partnerships while mitigating vulnerabilities—and invest in key areas like innovation, defense, and migration management. The analysis suggests that Europe can regain influence and security by adopting a holistic strategy that combines enhanced sovereignty with pragmatic engagement in a multipolar world.

Key Findings and Recommendations:

Strategic Interdependence: Europe must embrace interconnectedness while building defenses against external coercion, leveraging diverse relationships (transatlantic, with Asia, Africa, and Latin America). Policies should balance autonomy with partnerships.
Defense and Foreign Policy: Increase defense spending (0.3% GDP) to support Ukraine, boost European military capabilities, and diversify alliances. Strengthen EU military autonomy to reduce reliance on the U.S.
Energy and Climate: Focus on emerging green technologies (e.g., batteries) rather than losing ground in solar dominance. Establish critical raw material (CRM) reserves and diversify global supply chains.
Migration: Address demographic aging by adopting a comprehensive migration strategy with regularization pathways, integration policies, and partnerships with origin countries.
Technology and Innovation: Support start-ups and digital champions through de-risking tools, unified regulatory frameworks, and investments in digital infrastructure. Leverage the EU Innovation Council to focus innovation financing on priority sectors.
Economic Competitiveness: Boost productivity and private investment, foster stronger trade ties with developing economies, and enhance the EU’s leverage through climate and digital partnerships.

Political Implications:

Europe is at a crossroads: it can push for strategic interdependence at home by fostering unity, internal reforms, and stronger alliances abroad. This requires political capital and a holistic approach. Success depends on integrating reforms across sectors and reinforcing partnerships with key partners like the U.K., Africa, and Latin America.