世界银行-埃塞俄比亚金融包容性的动态_多样化交付渠道_扩大数字技术_增强金融知识_以实现更大的金融包容性（英）-2025_105页_3mb

The dynamics of financial inclusion in Ethiopia have shown significant growth from 2016 to 2022, with account ownership nearly doubling from 23% to 41% of adults. However, Ethiopia ranks lowest in financial inclusion among neighboring countries, remaining 14 percentage points below the Sub-Saharan African average in 2022. Progress is uneven, with regional disparities persisting—urban and affluent areas have higher rates, while rural and poorer populations lag behind. The gender gap in financial inclusion widened from 10 to 21 percentage points, driven by educational and economic inequalities. Education and mobile phone ownership are key drivers of inclusion, but financial knowledge—particularly among women and rural populations—remains low, contributing significantly to exclusion.

Key factors boosting inclusion include diversifying entry channels (e.g., agent banking and mobile money), expanding digital technology, and enhancing financial knowledge through education programs. Despite increases in formal savings (24% adult population in 2022), credits remain limited. The National Financial Inclusion Strategy (NFIS-II) provides a framework for scaling up inclusion, but deeper interventions are needed to reach the unbanked.

Opportunities lie in leveraging digital finance to drive equitable inclusion, while addressing barriers such as limited mobile connectivity in rural areas and unequal access to financial services.