2017德国文化创意产业监测报告（英文版）_48页_1mb

2017 Cultural and Creative Industries Monitoring Report Summary

Core Content

The 2017 Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) Monitoring Report, commissioned by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, provides an in-depth analysis of the economic significance of the CCIs in Germany from 2011 to 2016. It evaluates the sector's contribution to GDP, employment, and value creation, as well as its growth trends, innovation levels, and export activities.

Key Data and Trends

Number of Companies

• In 2016, there were approximately 253,200 companies in the CCI sector, representing a 1.1% increase from 2015.
• The proportion of all German companies in the CCI sector remained relatively stable at 7.7%.
• The number of companies has been growing continuously since 2009.

Turnover and Value Added

• Total turnover in the CCI sector reached €154.4 billion in 2016, up by 1.5% compared to 2015.
• Gross value added (GVA) was estimated at €98.8 billion, an increase of 4.2% from 2015.
• GVA has been rising since 2009, reaching €98.8 billion in 2016.
• The GVA per "core" worker was €88,470, compared to the national average of €183,350, but still higher than the overall economy by €5,350.

Employment

• Total employment in the sector reached 1,637,961 people, up by 2.1% from 2015.
• "Core" workers (employees and self-employed with income over €17,500) totaled 1,117,047, an increase of 2.96% from 2015.
• The number of employees subject to social security contributions increased by 3.5% to 863,844.
• Self-employed made up 22.7% of the "core" workforce.
• Marginal employment and self-employment increased slightly to 520,914 people, though still below the 2010 peak.

Export Activity

• 9.5% of CCI companies were active in exports in 2015.
• The sales-based export ratio was 3.1%, with €4.8 billion spent on innovation annually.
• The CCI sector is less export-oriented than manufacturing sectors like automotive and mechanical engineering due to its service-based nature.

Main Findings

Economic Contribution

• The CCI sector contributes 3.1% of Germany's GDP.
• In 2016, the GVA of the CCI sector was €98.8 billion, nearly matching the €101.6 billion of the mechanical engineering sector.
• The software and games industry accounted for 27% of GVA, highlighting its central role in the sector's growth.

Growth and Development

• The sector has shown consistent growth in turnover and employment since 2009.
• The turnover per company was €609,700, with a 1.5% increase from 2015.
• The average number of "core" workers per company was 4.41, much lower than the national average of 10.5.

Innovation and Start-ups

• The CCI sector accounts for 3.1% of total German innovation spending.
• The start-up ratio in the CCI sector was 5.2%, slightly above the national average.
• An estimated 9,900 new start-ups were registered in 2016.

Key Viewpoints

• The CCI sector is traditionally composed of small and micro enterprises, contributing to a high proportion of self-employment.
• The sector is experiencing a shift in employment structure, with a growing number of "core" workers and a slight decline in self-employment among "core" workers.
• The software and games industry is the most significant contributor to value creation within the CCI sector.
• The export potential of the CCI sector remains limited compared to manufacturing industries, but it is still slightly above average for Germany.
• The economic importance of the CCI sector is increasing, though it still lags behind the overall economy in terms of per-worker productivity.

Key Information

• The report is based on official statistics and a representative survey by ZEW in spring 2017.
• "Core" workers are defined as employees and self-employed individuals with an annual income of at least €17,500.
• Marginal employment includes low-paid and temporary workers.
• The new calculation method for GVA provides a more comprehensive and accurate picture of value creation, especially in the software and games submarket.
• The CCIs are growing faster than other sectors in terms of employment and company numbers.

Conclusion

The German cultural and creative industries continue to show positive long-term development, with increased employment, higher turnover, and rising GVA. Despite their service-based nature, they are gaining in economic importance and innovation, particularly in the software and games industry. The sector's export potential remains limited, but its growth rate and diversity are notable. The report highlights the dynamic and evolving nature of the CCI sector and its increasing role in the German economy.