2017德国文化创意产业监测报告（英文版）_50页-1mb

2017 Cultural and Creative Industries Monitoring Report Summary

Core Content

The 2017 Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) Monitoring Report, published by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi), provides an overview of the economic importance, employment trends, innovation levels, and growth of the CCI sector in Germany between 2011 and 2016. The report is based on data from the Federal Statistical Office and the Federal Employment Agency, as well as a representative survey by ZEW.

Key Points

1. Definition and Scope

• The report defines the CCIs as commercial companies that deal with the creation, production, and dissemination of cultural and creative goods and services.
• It focuses on market-oriented enterprises and excludes those primarily funded by government, license fees, or non-profit entities.
• The definition is aligned with the Conference of Economic Affairs Ministers' guidelines.

2. Economic Importance

• Number of Companies: There were approximately 253,200 companies in the CCI sector in 2016, representing a 1.1% increase from 2015.
• Contribution to Economy: The CCI sector accounted for 7.7% of all companies in Germany.
• Turnover: The total turnover reached €154.4 billion in 2016, a 1.5% increase from 2015.
• Gross Value Added (GVA): The GVA amounted to €98.8 billion in 2016, a 4.2% rise from 2015.
• Share of GDP: The CCI sector contributed approximately 3.14% to Germany's GDP in 2016.
• Employment:
  • Core Workers: There were 1,117,047 "core" workers (employees and self-employed with annual income of at least €17,500), representing a 2.96% increase from 2015.
  • Social Security Employees: The number of employees subject to social security contributions increased by 3.5% to 863,844.
  • Total Workers: The total number of people working in the sector reached 1,637,961, up by 2.1% from 2015.
  • Marginal Employment: The number of people in marginal employment and self-employment rose slightly to 520,914.

3. Sectoral Development

• The CCI sector has seen almost uninterrupted growth since 2009 in terms of number of companies, turnover, and employment.
• The software and games industry is the most significant contributor to GVA, accounting for nearly 27% of the total value creation in 2016.
• The press market, advertising market, and design industry also generate substantial value, though less than half of the software and games sector.
• The art market generates the least value among submarkets, at €1.3 billion in 2016.

4. Comparison with Other Sectors

• The CCI sector's GVA in 2016 was €98.8 billion, which is slightly lower than the mechanical engineering sector (€101.6 billion) but higher than the chemical, energy supply, and financial services sectors.
• The number of self-employed individuals is higher in the CCI sector than in other comparable sectors.
• The proportion of self-employed among "core" workers has been declining since 2013, currently standing at 22.7%.

5. Innovation and Start-ups

• The CCI sector accounted for €4.8 billion in annual innovation spending in 2016, representing 3.1% of total German innovation spending.
• The start-up ratio in the CCI sector was 5.2%, slightly above the national average.
• There were approximately 9,900 new start-ups in the sector in 2016, with an average turnover of €609,700 per company.

6. Work and Skills

• The sector is traditionally composed of small and micro-enterprises, with an average of 4.41 "core" workers per company in 2016.
• Each "core" worker in the CCI sector generates an average turnover of €138,200 and contributes €88,470 to GVA.
• The CCI sector’s per-capita GVA is €5,350 higher than the overall economy, reflecting its reliance on labor rather than upstream inputs.

Main Findings

• The CCI sector continues to grow in terms of number of companies, turnover, and employment.
• The software and games industry is the most significant submarket in terms of value creation.
• The proportion of self-employed is higher in the CCI sector than in other sectors.
• The start-up rate is slightly above the national average, indicating a dynamic and innovative environment.
• The proportion of marginal employment has decreased significantly over the past few years, while the number of social security employees has increased.

Key Data Overview

Key Information

• The report was conducted by ZEW and Fraunhofer ISI, commissioned by the BMWi.
• It is part of the public relations work of the BMWi and is not for sale.
• The report highlights the positive long-term trend in the development of the CCI sector.
• The new calculation method used in 2016 leads to higher and more accurate GVA figures.
• The software and games industry is the most important submarket in terms of GVA and growth.
• The start-up ratio is slightly above the national average, and the proportion of self-employed is high.
• The GVA per core worker increased by 1.19% in 2016, while the turnover per core worker slightly decreased.

Conclusion

The CCI sector in Germany continues to demonstrate economic importance and growth, with a notable rise in the number of companies, turnover, and employment. The sector is characterized by a high proportion of self-employed workers, and the software and games industry plays a pivotal role in driving value creation. The new calculation method provides a more accurate and comprehensive picture of the sector's economic impact. Overall, the CCI sector is a dynamic and innovative part of the German economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment.