国际能源署-2018世界关键能源数据统计报告-2018.10-51页_6mb

报告摘要

Key World Energy Statistics Summary

Core Content

Key World Energy Statistics (KWES) is a publication by the International Energy Agency (IEA) that provides a comprehensive overview of global energy production, transformation, consumption, and related factors such as energy efficiency, renewables, and CO₂ emissions. It serves as a critical tool for monitoring energy trends, informing policy debates, and supporting energy transitions across countries.

The report is part of the IEA modernization program, which has expanded its scope to include more detailed information on energy efficiency and renewable energy, as well as enhanced geographic data, including the "IEA Family" of countries. KWES is available online and in app format for mobile devices, making it accessible to a wide audience.

Main Topics Covered

1. Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES)

World TPES by Fuel (1971–2016):
- In 1973, the world TPES was 6,101 Mtoe.
- In 2016, the world TPES reached 13,761 Mtoe.
- Notes:
  - International aviation and marine bunkers are included in the world total.
  - Peat and oil shale are aggregated with coal.
OECD TPES by Fuel (1971–2017):
- In 1973, OECD TPES was 3,740 Mtoe.
- In 2017, OECD TPES increased to 5,303 Mtoe.
- Notes:
  - Excludes electricity trade.

2. Crude Oil Production and Trade

World Crude Oil Production (1971–2017):
- In 2017, the world crude oil production was 4,365 Mt.
- Top Producers:
  - United States: 563 Mt (12.9%)
  - Saudi Arabia: 560 Mt (12.8%)
  - Russian Federation: 548 Mt (12.6%)
  - Canada: 237 Mt (5.4%)
  - Islamic Republic of Iran: 229 Mt (5.2%)
  - Iraq: 225 Mt (5.2%)
  - People’s Republic of China: 192 Mt (4.4%)
Net Exporters (2017):
- Saudi Arabia: 373 Mt
- Russian Federation: 254 Mt
- Iraq: 187 Mt
- United Arab Emirates: 120 Mt
- Islamic Republic of Iran: 119 Mt
- Canada: 113 Mt
- Kuwait: 108 Mt
- Venezuela: 90 Mt
- Nigeria: 87 Mt
- Angola: 82 Mt
- Others: 548 Mt
- Total Net Exporters: 2,081 Mt
Net Importers (2016):
- People’s Republic of China: 378 Mt
- United States: 371 Mt
- India: 214 Mt
- Japan: 162 Mt
- Korea: 146 Mt
- Germany: 91 Mt
- Italy: 65 Mt
- Spain: 64 Mt
- Netherlands: 61 Mt
- France: 55 Mt
- Others: 506 Mt
- Total Net Importers: 2,113 Mt

3. Natural Gas Production and Trade

World Natural Gas Production (1971–2017):
- In 2017, the world natural gas production was 3,768 bcm.
- Top Producers:
  - Canada: 184 bcm
  - Qatar: 4.9 bcm
  - People’s Republic of China: 3.8 bcm
  - Norway: 3.4 bcm
  - Australia: 2.8 bcm
  - Algeria: 2.5 bcm
  - Saudi Arabia: 2.5 bcm
  - Rest of the World: 31.3 bcm
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Exporters (2017):
- Russian Federation: 217 bcm
- Norway: 123 bcm
- Qatar: 121 bcm
- Australia: 62 bcm
- Canada: 61 bcm
- Turkmenistan: 55 bcm
- Algeria: 54 bcm
- Indonesia: 29 bcm
- Malaysia: 28 bcm
- Nigeria: 27 bcm
- Others: 151 bcm
- Total Net Exporters: 928 bcm
Net Importers (2016):
- Japan: 115 bcm
- People’s Republic of China: 86 bcm
- Germany: 85 bcm
- Italy: 69 bcm
- Turkey: 54 bcm
- Mexico: 50 bcm
- Korea: 49 bcm
- France: 55 bcm
- Spain: 64 bcm
- Others: 296 bcm
- Total Net Importers: 916 bcm

4. Coal Production and Trade

World Coal Production (1971–2017):
- In 2017, the world coal production was 7,549 Mt.
- Top Producers:
  - People’s Republic of China: 3,376 Mt (44.7%)
  - India: 730 Mt (9.7%)
  - United States: 702 Mt (9.3%)
  - Australia: 501 Mt (6.6%)
  - Indonesia: 488 Mt (6.5%)
  - Russian Federation: 387 Mt (5.1%)
  - South Africa: 257 Mt (3.4%)
  - Germany: 175 Mt (2.3%)
  - Poland: 127 Mt (1.7%)
  - Kazakhstan: 106 Mt (1.4%)
  - Rest of the World: 9.3%
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Exporters (2017):
- Indonesia: 387 Mt
- Australia: 379 Mt
- Russian Federation: 161 Mt
- Colombia: 86 Mt
- United States: 81 Mt
- South Africa: 71 Mt
- Mongolia: 33 Mt
- Kazakhstan: 27 Mt
- Canada: 24 Mt
- Others: 2 Mt
- Total Net Exporters: 1,263 Mt
Net Importers (2017):
- People’s Republic of China: 263 Mt
- India: 207 Mt
- Japan: 188 Mt
- Korea: 148 Mt
- Others: 244 Mt
- Total Net Importers: 1,280 Mt

5. Nuclear Electricity Production

World Nuclear Electricity Production (1971–2016):
- In 2016, the world nuclear electricity production was 2,606 TWh.
- Top Producers:
  - United States: 840 TWh (32.2%)
  - France: 403 TWh (15.5%)
  - People’s Republic of China: 213 TWh (8.2%)
  - Russian Federation: 197 TWh (7.6%)
  - Korea: 162 TWh (6.2%)
  - Canada: 101 TWh (3.9%)
  - Germany: 85 TWh (3.3%)
  - Ukraine: 81 TWh (3.1%)
  - United Kingdom: 72 TWh (2.8%)
  - Rest of the World: 1,228 TWh (29.5%)
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Installed Capacity (2016):
- People’s Republic of China: 344 GW
- United States: 103 GW
- Brazil: 97 GW
- Canada: 80 GW
- Russian Federation: 51 GW
- Japan: 50 GW
- India: 45 GW
- Norway: 32 GW
- Rest of the World: 302 GW
- World Total: 1,157 GW
Top Producers by % of Nuclear in Electricity Generation:
- France: 73.1%
- Ukraine: 49.7%
- Sweden: 40.5%
- Korea: 29.0%
- United Kingdom: 21.3%
- Islamic Republic of Iran: 19.2%
- Others: 14.9%
- World Total: 100.0%

6. Hydroelectricity Production

World Hydroelectricity Production (1971–2016):
- In 2016, the world hydroelectricity production was 4,170 TWh.
- Top Producers:
  - People’s Republic of China: 1,193 TWh (28.6%)
  - Canada: 387 TWh (9.3%)
  - Brazil: 381 TWh (9.1%)
  - United States: 292 TWh (7.0%)
  - Russian Federation: 187 TWh (4.5%)
  - Norway: 144 TWh (3.5%)
  - India: 138 TWh (3.3%)
  - Rest of the World: 1,228 TWh (29.5%)
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Installed Capacity (2016):
- People’s Republic of China: 344 GW
- United States: 103 GW
- Brazil: 97 GW
- Canada: 80 GW
- Russian Federation: 51 GW
- Japan: 50 GW
- India: 45 GW
- Norway: 32 GW
- Rest of the World: 302 GW
- World Total: 1,157 GW
Top Producers by % of Hydro in Electricity Generation:
- Norway: 96.2%
- Brazil: 65.8%
- Venezuela: 60.1%
- Canada: 58.0%
- Turkey: 24.5%
- People’s Republic of China: 19.2%
- Others: 14.9%
- World Total: 100.0%

7. Wind Electricity Production

World Wind Electricity Production (2005–2016):
- In 2016, the world wind electricity production was 958 TWh.
- Top Producers:
  - People’s Republic of China: 237 TWh (24.8%)
  - United States: 229 TWh (24.0%)
  - Germany: 79 TWh (8.2%)
  - Spain: 49 TWh (5.1%)
  - India: 45 TWh (4.7%)
  - United Kingdom: 37 TWh (3.9%)
  - Canada: 31 TWh (3.2%)
  - France: 21 TWh (2.2%)
  - Rest of the World: 178 TWh (18.6%)
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Installed Capacity (2016):
- People’s Republic of China: 148.6 GW
- United States: 81.4 GW
- Germany: 49.6 GW
- India: 28.7 GW
- Spain: 23.0 GW
- United Kingdom: 16.2 GW
- Canada: 12.0 GW
- France: 11.5 GW
- Australia: 5.6 GW
- Spain: 5.0 GW
- Rest of the World: 40.0 GW
- World Total: 300.1 GW
Top Producers by % of Wind in Electricity Generation:
- Spain: 17.8%
- Germany: 12.1%
- United Kingdom: 11.0%
- Italy: 6.1%
- Brazil: 5.8%
- United States: 5.3%
- Canada: 4.6%
- France: 3.9%
- People’s Republic of China: 3.8%
- India: 3.0%
- Rest of the World: 2.2%
- World Total: 100.0%

8. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Electricity Production

World Solar PV Electricity Production (2005–2016):
- In 2016, the world solar PV electricity production was 328 TWh.
- Top Producers:
  - People’s Republic of China: 75 TWh (22.9%)
  - Japan: 51 TWh (15.5%)
  - United States: 47 TWh (14.2%)
  - Germany: 38 TWh (11.6%)
  - Italy: 22 TWh (6.7%)
  - India: 14 TWh (4.3%)
  - United Kingdom: 10 TWh (3.1%)
  - France: 8 TWh (2.5%)
  - Spain: 8 TWh (2.5%)
  - Australia: 6 TWh (1.9%)
  - Rest of the World: 49 TWh (14.7%)
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Installed Capacity (2016):
- People’s Republic of China: 77.5 GW
- Japan: 42.0 GW
- United States: 41.4 GW
- Germany: 40.7 GW
- Italy: 19.3 GW
- United Kingdom: 11.9 GW
- India: 9.4 GW
- France: 7.3 GW
- Australia: 5.6 GW
- Spain: 5.0 GW
- Rest of the World: 40.0 GW
- World Total: 300.1 GW
Top Producers by % of Solar PV in Electricity Generation:
- Italy: 7.6%
- Germany: 5.9%
- Japan: 4.8%
- United Kingdom: 3.1%
- Spain: 2.9%
- Australia: 2.4%
- France: 1.5%
- People’s Republic of China: 1.2%
- United States: 1.1%
- India: 1.0%
- Rest of the World: 0.6%
- World Total: 100.0%

9. Refining by Product and Region

World Refinery Output (1971–2016):
- In 1973, the world refinery output was 2,719 Mt.
- In 2016, the world refinery output reached 4,067 Mt.
- Top Producers:
  - United States: 827 Mt (20.3%)
  - People’s Republic of China: 533 Mt (13.1%)
  - Russian Federation: 270 Mt (6.6%)
  - India: 253 Mt (6.2%)
  - Japan: 163 Mt (4.0%)
  - Korea: 146 Mt (3.6%)
  - Saudi Arabia: 129 Mt (3.2%)
  - Germany: 100 Mt (2.5%)
  - Brazil: 99 Mt (2.4%)
  - Canada: 89 Mt (2.2%)
  - Rest of the World: 35.9%
  - World Total: 100.0%
Net Exporters (2016):
- United States: 117 Mt
- Russian Federation: 106 Mt
- Saudi Arabia: 62 Mt
- India: 31 Mt
- Kuwait: 30 Mt
- United Arab Emirates: 24 Mt
- Korea: 23 Mt
- Algeria: 20 Mt
- Netherlands: 19 Mt
- Qatar: 19 Mt
- Others: 160 Mt
- Total Net Exporters: 611 Mt
Net Importers (2016):
- Mexico: 32 Mt
- Singapore: 26 Mt
- Australia: 25 Mt
- Japan: 21 Mt
- Hong Kong, China: 19 Mt
- Turkey: 19 Mt
- Nigeria: 19 Mt
- France: 19 Mt
- Indonesia: 18 Mt
- Brazil: 16 Mt
- Others: 311 Mt
- Total Net Importers: 525 Mt

10. Electricity Generation by Source

World Electricity Generation (1971–2016):
- In 1973, the world electricity generation was 6,131 TWh.
- In 2016, the world electricity generation reached 24,973 TWh.
- Top Sources:
  - Coal: People’s Republic of China (4,242 TWh)
  - Oil: Saudi Arabia (140 TWh)
  - Natural Gas: United States (1,418 TWh)
  - Renewables: People’s Republic of China (1,540 TWh)

11. Electricity Generation by Region

World Electricity Generation (1971–2016):
- In 1973, the world electricity generation was 6,131 TWh.
- In 2016, the world electricity generation reached 24,973 TWh.
- Non-OECD Asia Excludes China in some datasets.

12. Total Final Consumption (TFC) by Fuel

World TFC by Fuel (1971–2016):
- In 1973, the world TFC was 4,661 Mtoe.
- In 2016, the world TFC increased to 13,761 Mtoe.
- Notes:
  - Includes international aviation and marine bunkers.
  - Peat and oil shale are aggregated with coal.
  - Biofuels and waste consumption are estimated for some countries.
OECD TFC by Fuel (1971–2016):
- In 1973, OECD TFC was 3,740 Mtoe.
- In 2016, OECD TFC increased to 5,303 Mtoe.

Key Insights

Energy Security and Affordability: The IEA emphasizes the importance of data in achieving secure, affordable, efficient, and sustainable energy systems.
Global Trends:
- There has been a significant increase in energy supply and consumption from 1973 to 2016.
- The share of renewables and energy efficiency has grown, reflecting a shift towards sustainable energy sources.
Regional Differences:
- China, the United States, and Russia are major producers of fossil fuels.
- Norway and Brazil lead in hydroelectricity production, while China and the U.S. dominate in wind and solar PV.
Trade Dynamics:
- Net exporters and importers vary significantly by region and fuel type.
- The U.S. and China are both major net exporters and importers, depending on the fuel.

Conclusion

Key World Energy Statistics provides a detailed and authoritative overview of global energy trends, emphasizing the importance of data in guiding energy policy. It highlights the increasing role of renewables, the growing reliance on fossil fuels, and the importance of regional and national energy strategies in achieving global energy security and sustainability goals.

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