2017年-数据局_国际电信联盟：2016年衡量信息社会报告_274页_40mb

Measuring the Information Society Report 2016 Summary

Core Content

The Measuring the Information Society Report 2016 is an annual publication by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that provides a global and regional overview of developments in information and communication technologies (ICTs). It aims to support ICT policy discussions by offering an objective assessment of national performance and highlighting areas needing improvement.

Main Points and Key Findings

ICT Development Index (IDI)

• The IDI is a benchmark measuring ICT development across 175 countries, combining 11 indicators related to access, use, and skills.
• In 2016, nearly all countries improved their IDI values compared to 2015.
• The average IDI value increased to 4.94 points (out of 10), with the gap between the highest and lowest performers remaining at 7.76 points.
• ICT use improved more than access, with the use sub-index rising by 0.37 points versus 0.13 points for access, mainly due to strong growth in mobile-broadband subscriptions.
• High-income countries and those with liberalized and competitive ICT markets showed greater progress in IDI values.

Digital Divide and Least Connected Countries

• Despite global improvements, persistent digital divides remain, especially between highly connected and least connected countries.
• Least developed countries (LDCs) continue to lag behind, with 27 of the lowest IDI performers being LDCs.
• In some low-income countries, 20-40% of the population still lacks mobile phone ownership.
• Gender gaps in mobile phone ownership are substantially higher in less developed regions.

Internet Uptake Barriers

• 84% of the world's population lives in areas with mobile-broadband services, but only 47% actually use the Internet.
• High prices and infrastructure limitations are key barriers to Internet adoption, especially in low-income countries.
• Fixed-broadband affordability remains a challenge, with a 1GB plan costing over 60% of GNI per capita in LDCs.
• Smartphone prices are still high for low-income groups, even as global prices have continued to fall.

Socio-Economic Determinants of Internet Use

• Education and income levels strongly influence Internet usage patterns.
• Highly educated users engage more in advanced services such as e-commerce, online finance, and government services.
• Low-income and less-educated users predominantly use the Internet for communication and entertainment.
• Seniors and rural populations face greater challenges in accessing and using the Internet.

Role of ICTs in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

• ICTs are essential in monitoring and achieving SDGs, especially through e-agriculture, e-health, e-education, and e-governance.
• ICT skills are a critical factor in the achievement of SDGs, as highlighted in the report.

Collaborative Efforts and Policy Approaches

• ITU collaborates with UN agencies and the private sector to harmonize development policies and leverage ICT potential for socio-economic development.
• The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development emphasizes an integrated approach, which ITU supports through data collection, analysis, and policy guidance.

Key Information

• Global Trends:

  • Mobile-broadband growth has been a major driver of ICT use improvements.
  • Fixed-broadband remains unaffordable in many low-income countries.
  • Internet usage is increasing, but still underutilized in some regions.

• Regional Analysis:

  • The top 10 IDI countries include Korea, two Asia-Pacific economies, and seven European countries.
  • Africa and Arab States show varying degrees of ICT development.
  • Bhutan, Myanmar, and Algeria have made notable improvements in ICT development.

• Data Sources:

  • The report uses data from Eurostat, OECD, IMF, UNESCO, UN Population Division, and the World Bank.
  • It also includes contributions from consultants and partners such as Strategy Analytics Ltd., GSMA Intelligence, and Research ICT Africa.

• Methodology:

  • Annex 1 outlines the IDI methodology, including indicators, imputation of missing data, normalization, weighting, and sensitivity analysis.
  • Annex 2 provides details on ICT price data collection and sources.
  • Annex 3 and Annex 4 include statistical tables and price data used for the IDI and ICT price analysis.

Conclusion

The 2016 Measuring the Information Society Report highlights significant global progress in ICT development, driven by mobile-broadband growth and policy reforms. However, it also emphasizes the persistent digital divide, especially in least developed countries, and the need for urgent action to ensure equitable access and usage. The report underscores the role of ICTs in achieving the SDGs and calls for collaborative efforts to leverage ICTs for socio-economic development.