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Open data in regional land use planning enhances decision-making, reduces costs, and improves collaboration by making geospatial data accessible and reusable. The process relies on standardized formats and technical compatibility, often hindered by inconsistent data availability and restrictive licensing.

Current Practice in Košice Region

The Self-governing Region of Košice (KSK) has begun migrating land use plan data to its geoportal but faces challenges in data interoperability (e.g., formats) and outdated agreements with institutions like the Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre Authority (GCCA). Data quality is variable, with some municipalities relying on open data while others use closed formats. Legal frameworks are lacking clear guidelines for digitization and publication.

Benefits of Open Data

Open data facilitates consistent land use plans, reduces duplication, enables public participation, and lowers procurement costs. The INSPIRE Directive and the PSI (Public Sector Information) Regulation provide technical standards for data, such as machine-readable formats and application programming interfaces (APIs), along with legal requirements for licenses (CC0 or CC BY 4.0).

Open Data Examples Across Europe

• Slovak Republic: Self-governing regions like Banská Bystrica and Prešov and municipalities like Bratislava publish land use plans as open data using Creative Commons licenses.
• Germany: XPlanung standardizes data exchange for land use planning and supports automatic transformation to INSPIRE formats.
• Italy: Piedmont’s rSDI shares spatial data, including land use plans, with standardized tools.
• France: GéoBretagne uses INSPIRE and promotes FAIR data for public interest projects.

New Legislation in Slovakia (2024)

The upcoming Act on Land Use Planning requires digitization, computerization, and the use of unified data systems and open licenses in planning processes, set to enhance data management.

Recommendations

1. Audit existing plan layers, modify licenses to encourage reuse, and register metadata.
2. Integrate open standards (e.g., OGC) and require bulk downloads at their meta-registries like RPI.
3. Update contract terms to include client access rights and prioritize open formats for IT procurement.
4. Co-develop regional or national datasets and engage stakeholders for collaborative mapping.
5. Align procurement documents with EU standards and develop user-centric approaches for re-use.