2023-06-20-世界卫生组织-Virtual_press_conference_on_global_health_issues_transcript_-_21_June_2023_9页_113kb

报告摘要

Global Health Issues Virtual Press Conference

Key Points

Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and Mental Health
- NCDs (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes) account for over 70% of global deaths.
- Small island states face disproportionate threats due to climate change, despite contributing minimally to greenhouse gas emissions.
- The 2023 Bridgetown Declaration calls for increased support for NCD and mental health interventions in small island nations.
Breastfeeding and Nutrition
- WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and continued breastfeeding for two years.
- Aggressive marketing of breast milk substitutes has historically reduced exclusive breastfeeding rates.
- The International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes is under implementation, with progress monitored globally.
Health Crises in Sudan and Peru
- Sudan: 11 million people need health assistance due to violence, with health facilities frequently attacked. WHO has appealed for $150 million to address health needs.
- Peru: Declared a state of emergency for its worst dengue outbreak; WHO is supporting vector control, surveillance, and clinical management.
Health Workforce Shortages and Migration
- Migration of health workers from low- and middle-income countries to high-income countries exacerbates shortages, especially in developing countries.
- Solutions include strict implementation of the International Code, training more health workers, and improving incentives for existing health workers.
Climate Change and Infectious Diseases
- Climate change fuels the spread of diseases like dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, particularly during El Niño events.
- WHO’s Global Arbovirus Initiative aims to strengthen outbreak prevention, detection, and response capacities.

Addressing the Challenges

The BioHub Initiative: Facilitates the transparent and secure exchange of biological materials for research and sequencing.
Health Emergency Corps: Enhances global response mechanisms to health emergencies through standardized surge capacity.

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