2025-06-16-IRENA-公用事业规模太阳能和风能地区的投资机会_哥伦比亚分区评估（英）_48页_16mb

Colombia Solar and Wind Investment Opportunities

Colombia has been assessed for utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy development through a multi-criteria analysis adapted to national priorities, using IRENA's standardized approach. Data include high-resolution solar irradiance, wind speed, topography, infrastructure, land cover, and protected areas. Expert input defined criteria thresholds, installation densities, and capacity limits relevant to local conditions.

Suitability assessment

Utility-scale viability is determined by simulating renewable resource potential; transmission and road network proximity; land constraints; environmental protection; and techno-economic parameters. Although Colombia has substantial solar potential, wind capacity is more limited. High-potential zones are near existing transmission lines and road networks to minimize grid connection costs.

Results

The study identified a maximum development potential of approximately 1604.9 GW for solar PV and 31.5 GW for onshore wind power. Of this, 95.2 GW (distributed in 801 zones) of solar PV could reach up to 500 MW per zone, while 11.8 GW (in 221 zones) of wind power could reach up to 100 MW per zone.

Capacity and generation

The national electricity generation forecast is 2561.0 TWh/year for solar and 87.7 TWh/year for wind. Solar capacity factors range between 16% and 33% (higher in central departments), while wind capacity factors are between 20% and 43% (eastern and north departments show higher potential). Economic viability varies with zones achieving levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) between USD 79/MWh and USD 189.2/MWh for solar and USD 63.2/MWh to USD 187/MWh for wind.

Conclusion

The report provides critical spatial information to guide investment in priority zones. However, decisions must consider non-technical factors, such as land availability and ownership, and further detailed site evaluations with higher-resolution data are needed to refine project locations and confirm economic attractiveness.