2013年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_2014_Economy_Profile___Rwanda_105页_1mb

Doing Business 2014: Rwanda Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2014 report provides an analysis of the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Rwanda, comparing it with other economies in the dataset. The report evaluates 11 key areas of business regulation, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and employing workers. It uses a standardized methodology to measure the ease of doing business and the distance to frontier (DTF), which reflects how far an economy is from the best practices in these areas.

Main Points

• Ease of Doing Business Index: Rwanda ranks 32nd out of 189 economies in the ease of doing business index, an improvement of 22 places from the previous year (DB2013 rank: 54).
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): Rwanda's DTF increased from 65.72 in DB2013 to 71.09 in DB2014, indicating progress toward best practices.
• Comparative Performance: Rwanda's performance is compared with several comparator economies such as Burundi, Congo, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, and Tanzania, as well as with the global best performer (e.g., New Zealand, Singapore, and Hong Kong SAR, China).

Key Indicators and Performance

Starting a Business

• Rank: 9 (out of 189)
• Procedures: 2
• Time (days): 2.0
• Cost (% of income per capita): 4.4
• Paid-in Minimum Capital (% of income per capita): 0.0

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 85
• Procedures: 13
• Time (days): 104.0
• Cost (% of income per capita): 375.7

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 53
• Procedures: 4
• Time (days): 30
• Cost (% of income per capita): 4,018.7

Registering Property

• Rank: 8
• Procedures: 3
• Time (days): 12.0
• Cost (% of property value): 0.2

Getting Credit

• Rank: 13
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 8
• Depth of Credit Information Index: 6
• Public Registry Coverage (% of adults): 2.1
• Private Bureau Coverage (% of adults): 13.0

Protecting Investors

• Rank: 22
• Extent of Disclosure: 7
• Strength of Investor Protection Index: 6.7

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 22
• Payments (number per year): 17
• Time (hours per year): 113
• Cost (% of income per capita): 4.4

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 162
• Documents to Export: 7
• Time to Export (days): 26
• Cost to Export (US$ per container): 3,245

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 40
• Time (days): 230
• Cost (% of claim): 78.7

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 137
• Time (years): 2.5
• Cost (% of estate): 29
• Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 19.0

Methodology Overview

• The report uses a simple average of percentile rankings across the 10 topics included in the index.
• The distance to frontier measure evaluates how far an economy is from the best performance in each indicator.
• The standardized company is assumed to be a limited liability company in Kigali, with 10 times GNI per capita as start-up capital, no minimum paid-in capital, and no special benefits.
• The paid-in minimum capital is not required in Rwanda, which is a positive factor for entrepreneurs.

Reforms in Rwanda

• DB2010: Rwanda simplified the start-up process by eliminating notarization, introducing online publication, and consolidating procedures such as name-checking, registration fee payment, tax registration, and company registration.
• DB2012: Reduced business registration fees.
• DB2014: Reduced the time required to obtain a registration certificate.

Main Findings

• Rwanda has made significant progress in improving its business environment, especially in starting a business, registering property, and reducing the cost of doing business.
• Despite improvements, Rwanda still faces challenges in trading across borders and enforcing contracts, where it ranks relatively low.
• The absence of a paid-in minimum capital requirement is a notable strength that reduces barriers to entry.
• The distance to frontier measure shows that Rwanda has moved closer to best practices in most areas, though it still lags behind high-performing economies like New Zealand and Singapore.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2014 report highlights Rwanda's improvement in the ease of doing business and positive regulatory reforms. While Rwanda has made strides in simplifying business registration and reducing costs, it continues to face challenges in cross-border trade and contract enforcement. The report serves as a tool for policymakers to identify areas for further reform and to benchmark their performance against other economies.