2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Nigeria_136页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Nigeria Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report provides an analysis of the business environment in Nigeria, focusing on regulatory processes that affect small and medium-sized businesses. It evaluates 11 key areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report also introduces a gender dimension in several indicators, measuring the impact of gender-specific procedures on business operations.

Main Points

• Methodology: The report uses a standardized set of indicators to measure and compare regulatory environments across 190 economies, with data collected up to June 1, 2016, except for the paying taxes indicators, which cover the period January–December 2015.
• Key Changes in 2017: The report expands its scope by including postfiling processes in the paying taxes indicator and introduces a gender component in three indicators. It also begins collecting data on Somalia, increasing the total number of economies covered to 190.
• Global Comparisons: Nigeria is ranked 169th in the ease of doing business ranking, with a distance to frontier (DTF) score of 44.63, showing the country is still far from best practices.
• Gender Analysis: The report now includes separate metrics for men and women, highlighting that while the number of procedures for starting a business is the same for both genders, the time and cost are similar, indicating potential gender-based challenges not captured by the number of procedures alone.
• Regional Context: Nigeria is compared with other economies in Sub-Saharan Africa, as well as with comparator economies such as India, Kenya, South Africa, and the United Kingdom.

Key Indicators Overview

Key Areas of Analysis

Starting a Business

• Nigeria ranks 138th (from 137th in 2016), indicating significant challenges.
• The DTF score is 78.62, showing a relatively small improvement compared to best practices.
• Time and cost are similar for both men and women, with no significant gender-based procedural differences noted.

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Nigeria ranks 174th (from 173rd in 2016), with a DTF score of 49.63.
• The process involves 16.1 procedures, taking 106.3 days and costing 23.6% of warehouse value.
• Comparatively, it is worse than most comparator economies, including Kenya and South Africa.

Getting Electricity

• Nigeria ranks 180th (from 182nd in 2016), with a DTF score of 29.43.
• The process requires 9 procedures, taking 195.2 days and costing 422.8% of income per capita.
• It is significantly behind economies like Japan and the United Arab Emirates.

Registering Property

• Nigeria ranks 182nd (same as 2016), with a DTF score of 31.44.
• The process involves 12.1 procedures, taking 69.6 days and costing 10.5% of property value.
• It is far behind the best performers like Singapore.

Getting Credit

• Nigeria ranks 44th (from 60th in 2016), with a DTF score of 65.00.
• Credit registry coverage is only 0.1% of adults, indicating a weak credit information system.
• The depth of credit information index is 6.0, lower than comparator economies like the United Kingdom.

Protecting Minority Investors

• Nigeria ranks 32nd (from 30th in 2016), with a DTF score of 65.00.
• The strength of minority investor protection is 6.5, lower than New Zealand.
• Conflict of interest regulation is at 7.0, while shareholder governance is at 6.0.

Paying Taxes

• Nigeria ranks 182nd (same as 2016), with a DTF score of 28.09.
• The process involves 59 payments per year, taking 907.9 hours and costing 34.3% of profit.
• It is far behind the United Arab Emirates, which has the best performance.

Trading Across Borders

• Nigeria ranks 181st (same as 2016), with a DTF score of 19.93.
• The time and cost to export and import are high, with the cost to export being $786 and the time to import being 284 hours.
• It is significantly worse than the best performers, which have a cost of $0 and time of 0 hours.

Enforcing Contracts

• Nigeria ranks 139th (same as 2016), with a DTF score of 48.59.
• The process takes 509.8 days and costs 57.7% of claims.
• It is far behind Singapore and Iceland, which have the best performance.

Resolving Insolvency

• Nigeria ranks 140th (from 139th in 2016), with a DTF score of 30.60.
• The recovery rate is 27.8 cents on the dollar, and the time to resolve insolvency is 2 years.
• It is worse than Finland, which has the best performance with a recovery rate of 92.9 cents on the dollar and a time of 0.4 years.

Key Insights

• Nigeria faces substantial regulatory challenges in all areas analyzed, with high time and cost requirements and a poor ease of doing business ranking.
• The report highlights the importance of gender-specific analysis in understanding the full impact of regulations on different groups.
• The DTF score is a more accurate measure of progress than the ranking, as it reflects the absolute distance from best practices.
• Comparisons with comparator economies and the global best performers show that Nigeria has significant room for improvement in business regulation.