2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Bhutan_102页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Bhutan Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates the ease of doing business across 190 economies, focusing on regulatory environments that affect small to medium-sized businesses. It measures and tracks changes in regulations across 11 business lifecycle areas: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. For Bhutan, the report provides detailed data and comparisons with other economies.

Key Indicators and Rankings

Ease of Doing Business Rankings

• DB2017 Rank: 73
• DB2016 Rank: 71
• Change in Rank: -2

Distance to Frontier (DTF) Score

• DB2017 DTF: 65.37
• DB2016 DTF: 65.35
• Change in DTF: +0.02

The DTF score reflects the absolute distance from the best regulatory practices in each indicator, on a scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (frontier). Bhutan's score shows a slight improvement, indicating a modest move toward best practices.

Main Business Indicators

Starting a Business

• DB2017 Rank: 94
• DB2016 Rank: 84
• DTF Score: 85.59
• Procedures (Men/Women): 8
• Time (Men/Women): 15 days
• Cost (Men/Women): 3.8% of income per capita
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

Bhutan maintains a consistent number of procedures and time for starting a business, with no significant change in cost. It ranks relatively high compared to other South Asian economies like India and Pakistan.

Dealing with Construction Permits

• DB2017 Rank: 97
• DB2016 Rank: 93
• DTF Score: 68.47
• Procedures: 21
• Time: 151 days
• Cost: 1.2% of warehouse value
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 87.40)

Bhutan shows a slight improvement in its DTF score, but the time and cost for dealing with construction permits remain relatively high compared to global best practices.

Getting Electricity

• DB2017 Rank: 54
• DB2016 Rank: 49
• DTF Score: 80.16
• Procedures: 4
• Time: 61 days
• Cost: 525.4% of income per capita
• Best Performer: Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 99.88)

Bhutan's time and procedures for getting electricity have improved, but the cost remains very high, especially compared to other South Asian countries like India and Pakistan.

Registering Property

• DB2017 Rank: 51
• DB2016 Rank: 51
• DTF Score: 73.40
• Procedures: 3
• Time: 77 days
• Cost: 5.0% of property value
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 94.46)

Bhutan maintains a consistent number of procedures and time for registering property. The cost is relatively low compared to other economies, but the DTF score suggests room for improvement.

Getting Credit

• DB2017 Rank: 82
• DB2016 Rank: 78
• DTF Score: 50.00
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 4.0
• Depth of Credit Information Index: 6.0
• Credit Bureau Coverage: 26.0% of adults
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Bhutan's credit environment shows moderate performance. The legal rights index and depth of credit information are relatively low, and credit bureau coverage is minimal.

Protecting Minority Investors

• DB2017 Rank: 114
• DB2016 Rank: 108
• DTF Score: 48.33
• Strength of Minority Investor Protection Index: 4.8
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 83.33)

Bhutan's performance in protecting minority investors is below average. The strength of minority investor protection index and DTF score indicate a need for reform in this area.

Paying Taxes

• DB2017 Rank: 19
• DB2016 Rank: 18
• DTF Score: 88.11
• Payments per Year: 18
• Time (hours per year): 85 hours
• Total Tax Rate (% of profit): 35.3%
• Best Performer: United Arab Emirates (Rank 1, DTF 99.44)

Bhutan has a relatively high DTF score in paying taxes, indicating it is close to best practices. However, the total tax rate is still high compared to global standards.

Trading Across Borders

• DB2017 Rank: 26
• DB2016 Rank: 26
• DTF Score: 94.25
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 5 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): $59
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 9 hours
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): $50
• Best Performer: 10 Economies (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Bhutan's trading across borders indicators show strong performance in terms of time and cost, but the DTF score is high, indicating it is close to best practices.

Enforcing Contracts

• DB2017 Rank: 47
• DB2016 Rank: 47
• DTF Score: 65.36
• Time: 225 days
• Cost (% of claim): 23.1%
• Quality of Judicial Processes Index: 5.5
• Best Performer: Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 84.15)

Bhutan's time and cost for enforcing contracts are relatively high, and the quality of judicial processes is moderate.

Resolving Insolvency

• DB2017 Rank: 169
• DB2016 Rank: 169
• DTF Score: 0.00
• Recovery Rate: 0.0 cents on the dollar
• Time: No practice
• Cost (% of estate): No practice
• Best Performer: Finland (Rank 1, DTF 93.89)

Bhutan's insolvency resolution is among the worst globally. The recovery rate is zero, and there is no established practice for resolving insolvency, indicating a critical area for reform.

Key Methodological Changes in 2017

• Introduction of a gender dimension in four indicators: starting a business, registering property, enforcing contracts, and labor market regulation.
• Addition of postfiling processes to the paying taxes indicator, including tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• New pilot indicator on selling to the government.
• Inclusion of Somalia in the report, bringing the total number of economies to 190.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report provides a comprehensive overview of Bhutan's business environment, highlighting areas of strength and significant challenges. While Bhutan performs well in some areas such as paying taxes and trading across borders, it lags in others like resolving insolvency and protecting minority investors. The introduction of gender and postfiling indicators adds a new dimension to the analysis, emphasizing the need for inclusive and transparent regulatory practices. Policymakers in Bhutan can use these insights to design targeted reforms that improve the business climate and support economic growth.