【WIPO】氢燃料电池在交通运输业的应用_102页_13mb

Summary of "Hydrogen Fuel Cells in Transportation" Patent Landscape Report

Core Content

This WIPO Patent Landscape Report provides an overview of the current state of hydrogen fuel cell technologies in the transportation sector, analyzing patent filings, market applications, and future trends. It highlights the growing importance of hydrogen as a clean energy solution for achieving Net Zero goals and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in transport.

Main Points

• Technological Maturity: Hydrogen fuel cells are a mature technology with a high degree of readiness. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading in patent filings and are considered the most promising.

• Patent Filing Trends:

  • A third wave of patent filings began around 2016, with a significant increase in the number of filings.
  • 52,433 patent filings in the field of hydrogen fuel cells in transportation were identified, representing one-quarter of all fuel cell-related patents.
  • 61% of these patent families included at least one granted patent, and half were active at the time of the analysis (March 2022).

• Geographic Concentration:

  • Patent filings are concentrated in five jurisdictions: China, Japan, the U.S., Republic of Korea, and Germany.
  • These five countries account for 89% of all patents in the field.
  • China is currently the top origin of patent filings related to hydrogen fuel cells in transportation, although few Chinese companies are among the top corporate patent holders.

• Market Applications:

  • The road sector is the largest category in the patent data, with significant activity in cars, trucks, and buses.
  • Aviation and shipping are also emerging areas, but with slower growth compared to road and special vehicles.
  • Special vehicles, such as construction and harbor equipment, are showing more active patenting and are considered early adopters of hydrogen fuel cell technology.

• Corporate Involvement:

  • The top 30 players in hydrogen fuel cells account for 40% of the patent dataset.
  • Major automotive and technology companies such as Toyota, Hyundai, VW Group, GM, Daimler, Bosch, Honda, and Nissan are active across various transportation fields.
  • New players, particularly from China, are emerging and may challenge the current leadership in the future.

• Research and Innovation:

  • The research community is playing a vital role, especially in China, the U.S., Republic of Korea, Japan, and Europe.
  • Collaborative efforts between academia and industry are increasing, with institutions like the Chinese Academy of Sciences and CEA (France) being notable.

• Future Outlook:

  • Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is high, with significant progress in automated production and fuel cell recycling.
  • Infrastructure development, renewable energy availability, and battery technology advances are key factors influencing the diffusion of hydrogen fuel cell technologies.
  • Solid-state batteries could reduce the gap between hydrogen fuel cells and electric vehicles, but hydrogen fuel cells are still seen as a critical solution for heavy-duty vehicles and aviation.

Key Insights

• Hydrogen fuel cells are expected to be a viable solution for aviation and shipping, especially due to their high energy density.
• Airbus and Raytheon are notable players in the aviation sector, with increased patent activity since 2019.
• Decarbonization goals are driving policy and corporate initiatives, with Europe aiming to be the first climate-neutral continent by 2050.
• China is leading in hydrogen bus and commercial vehicle adoption, supported by subsidy policies and long-term development plans.
• Green hydrogen is critical for achieving zero-carbon transport, but infrastructure development and renewable energy availability are major challenges.

Future Drivers

• Economic Drivers: Investment in hydrogen fuel cell technologies is growing, especially from automotive and energy companies.
• Political Drivers: Government strategies are accelerating the adoption of hydrogen in transport, particularly in Europe, the U.S., and Asia.
• Market Outlook: The hydrogen market is expected to grow significantly, with road transport leading the way and aviation and shipping following in the coming years.

Conclusion

The report underscores the increasing importance of hydrogen fuel cell technologies in the transportation sector as a key component of the global shift toward Net Zero emissions. It highlights the concentration of innovation in major economies, the role of research institutions, and the potential of hydrogen in sectors like aviation and shipping. The patent landscape indicates a high level of technological readiness, with ongoing developments in automated production and recycling. However, infrastructure and renewable energy supply remain critical for the widespread adoption of hydrogen fuel cells.