2013年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_2014_Economy_Profile___Portugal_108页_1mb

Doing Business 2014: Portugal Summary

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2014 report evaluates the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across 189 economies, including Portugal. It provides quantitative indicators on business regulations and measures the ease of doing business through a ranking system and the distance to frontier (DTF) metric. The report highlights how regulations impact business operations and offers insights into the effectiveness of reforms.

Key Indicators and Rankings

Portugal's overall ease of doing business rank in 2014 was 31, a slight decline from 29 in 2013. The DTF for Portugal was 75.59, a decrease of -0.31 from 2013. This indicates that Portugal has slightly moved away from the most efficient regulatory practices globally.

Ease of Starting a Business

• Rank: 32 (out of 189)
• Procedures: 3
• Time (days): 2.5
• Cost (% of income per capita): 2.4
• Paid-in Minimum Capital (% of income per capita): 0.0

Portugal's performance is better than several comparator economies, including France (rank 41), Spain (rank 142), and Italy (rank 90), but lags behind the best performer, New Zealand, which ranked 1st.

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 76
• Procedures: 13
• Time (days): 99.0
• Cost (% of income per capita): 374.9

Portugal's ranking is relatively high compared to many comparator economies, but it still lags behind Hong Kong SAR, China, which ranked 1st.

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 36
• Procedures: 5
• Time (days): 64
• Cost (% of income per capita): 53.6

Portugal performs better than the regional average and some comparator economies, such as France (rank 42) and Spain (rank 62), but worse than Germany (rank 3) and Japan (rank 1).

Registering Property

• Rank: 30
• Procedures: 1
• Time (days): 1.0
• Cost (% of property value): 7.3

Portugal has a strong performance in this area, with a very low number of procedures and time, but the cost is relatively high compared to the best performer, Georgia, which ranked 1st.

Getting Credit

• Rank: 109
• Procedures: 5
• Time (days): 547
• Cost (% of claim): 13.0

Portugal's ranking is moderate, with a high cost and long time to enforce contracts. The best performer in this category is Malaysia (rank 1).

Protecting Investors

• Rank: 52
• Procedures: 34
• Time (years): 2.0
• Cost (% of estate): 9

Portugal's performance is better than many comparator economies, but it still lags behind New Zealand (rank 1).

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 81
• Payments (number per year): 8
• Time (hours per year): 275
• Cost (% of income per capita): 2.4

Portugal's ranking is relatively low, but it is better than some comparator economies like Greece (rank 53) and Italy (rank 138). The best performer is the United Arab Emirates (rank 1).

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 25
• Documents to export: 4
• Time to export (days): 15
• Cost to export (US$ per container): 780

Portugal performs better than the regional average and several comparator economies, but still lags behind Singapore (rank 1).

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 24
• Procedures: 34
• Time (days): 547
• Cost (% of claim): 13.0

Portugal's ranking is high, but the time and cost to enforce contracts are relatively high compared to Luxembourg (rank 1).

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 23
• Time (years): 2.0
• Cost (% of estate): 9
• Recovery rate (cents on the dollar): 71.6

Portugal's ranking is relatively high, and its recovery rate is better than many comparator economies. However, it lags behind Japan (rank 1).

Main Points and Reforms

• The report measures the ease of doing business across 11 areas, including starting a business, construction permits, electricity, property registration, credit, investor protection, taxes, trade, contract enforcement, insolvency, and employing workers.
• The distance to frontier (DTF) metric helps assess how far an economy is from the best practices in each area.
• Portugal's DTF decreased slightly in 2014, indicating some regression in regulatory efficiency.
• Portugal made some reforms in 2012 and 2014, such as:
  • Allowing entrepreneurs to choose the amount of minimum capital and contribute it up to one year after the company's creation.
  • Eliminating the stamp tax on company share capital subscriptions.
  • Eliminating the requirement to report to the Ministry of Labor in 2014.

Key Information

• Region: OECD high-income economy
• Income Category: High income
• Population: 10,526,703
• GNI per capita (US$): 20,580
• DTF in 2014: 75.59
• DTF in 2013: 75.87
• Best performer in starting a business: New Zealand
• Best performer in getting electricity: Germany
• Best performer in registering property: Georgia
• Best performer in protecting investors: New Zealand
• Best performer in resolving insolvency: Japan

Methodology Notes

• The report uses a standardized company model to ensure comparability.
• It assumes the company is a limited liability company, located in the largest business city, and is 100% domestically owned.
• The indicators are based on the simple average of percentile rankings across 10 topics.
• The paid-in minimum capital is not included in the aggregate ranking but is part of the data analysis.
• The distance to frontier is normalized to a scale of 0–100, with 100 representing the best performance.

Conclusion

Portugal has made some progress in improving its business environment, particularly in reducing the number of procedures and costs for starting a business. However, the overall ease of doing business has slightly declined. The report highlights the importance of continued regulatory reforms to improve efficiency and reduce barriers for SMEs.