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Summary of Renewable Energy Sources in Figures - National and International Development, 2016

Core Content

This document provides an overview of the development of renewable energy sources in Germany, the European Union, and globally in 2016. It highlights the progress made in the energy transition, the role of renewable energy in different sectors, and the economic and environmental impacts of its use.

Main Points

Renewable Energy Development in Germany

• Electricity:

  • In 2016, renewable energy accounted for 31.7% of Germany's gross electricity consumption, a slight increase from 31.5% in 2015.
  • Total electricity generated from renewable sources was 188.2 billion kWh, with onshore wind contributing the most at 66.3 billion kWh.
  • Onshore wind capacity increased by 4,166 MW in 2016, reaching 45,412 MW.
  • Photovoltaics saw a slight recovery after three years of decline, with 1,524 MW newly installed, but generation remained at 38.1 billion kWh due to less sunshine.
  • Biogas contributed 31.8 billion kWh, with 214 MW of new capacity added, mainly through the regeneration of existing facilities.
  • Hydropower generated 20.5 billion kWh, up from 19.0 billion kWh in 2015, due to higher rainfall.
  • Geothermal energy remained low, but increased slightly to 162 million kWh.

• Heat:

  • Renewable energy accounted for 13.0% of final energy consumption for heating and cooling, remaining stable compared to 2015.
  • Wood consumption increased by 10% to 68 billion kWh, driven by colder weather.
  • Heat pumps contributed 11.3 billion kWh, an increase of nearly 9%.
  • Solar thermal maintained a steady level of 7.8 billion kWh despite a decline in new installations.

• Transport:

  • Renewable energy accounted for 5.2% of final energy consumption in transport, a slight decrease from 5.3% in 2015.
  • The use of renewable energy in transport is primarily driven by biofuel quotas, with additional support from the Electric Mobility Strategy and purchase premiums for electric vehicles.

Environmental and Economic Impact

• Greenhouse gas emissions were reduced by 160 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent in 2016, with 119 million tonnes attributed to the electricity sector.
• Investment in renewable energy installations reached €15.1 billion in 2016, up from €14.0 billion in 2015.
• Economic stimulus from the operation of renewable energy installations amounted to €15.6 billion.

Policy and Legislation

• The Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) has been a key driver of renewable energy expansion, especially for wind and solar power.
• The 2014 EEG set targets for renewable energy to reach 40–45% of gross electricity consumption by 2025 and 55–60% by 2035.
• Competitive auctions were introduced in 2017 to reduce costs and improve efficiency.
• The Renewable Energies Heat Act (EEWärmeG) and Market Incentive Programme support the use of renewable energy in the heating sector.
• The Biofuel Quota Act is the primary legislation for promoting renewable energy in the transport sector.

Key Information

• The Working Group on Renewable Energy Statistics (AGEE-Stat) provides the data for this report and is supported by multiple government agencies.
• The data reflects the situation as of August 2017, meaning some figures are provisional.
• The Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy is the primary source of this information.
• The report also includes international data, such as the EU's progress towards meeting its renewable energy targets under Directive 2009/28/EC.

Conclusion

The 2016 report shows that Germany's renewable energy development was moderate, with continued growth in the electricity and heating sectors, and a slight decline in transport. Despite this, the country made progress towards its long-term goals, including a 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 and 80–95% by 2050. The report serves as a comprehensive data source for tracking the energy transition and meeting national and international reporting obligations.