2016-05-30-世界卫生组织-Diabetes_Rwanda_2016_country_profile_1页_342kb

Rwanda Diabetes Profile (2016)

1. Mortality

• Diabetes Deaths (ages 30–69): 750 male deaths recorded for ages 30–69 and 600 female deaths.
• Diabetes Deaths (ages 70+): 640 male deaths and two thirds more female deaths compared to male deaths, totaling 760 female deaths.
• Uncertainty: Mortality estimates are considered highly uncertain as they aren’t based on national non-communicable disease mortality data.

2. Disease Distribution & Diabetes Prevalence

• Proportional Mortality: Cardiovascular diseases (35%), Cancers (25%), Injuries (13%) for NCDs (Notably Diabetes), Respiratory diseases, and Communicable/Maternal/Conditions (45%).
• Diabetes Prevalence: Approximately 2.8% of the population (slightly higher among females: 3.0%).
• Risk Factors: Obesity ~3.3%, Overweight ~17.5%, Physical Inactivity ~13.6% in adults.

3. National Response to Diabetes

• Policies:
  • Operational strategy for diabetes: Yes.
  • Strategy for reducing physical inactivity: Yes.
  • Strategy for reducing overweight/obesity: No.
• Guidelines: Evidence-based guidelines are available and fully implemented.
• Monitoring & Referral Systems: Systems exist for standard criteria and referrals from primary healthcare to higher levels.
• Registry: No diabetes registry exists.

4. Health Infrastructure for Diabetes

• Availability of Standard Technologies:
  • Primary care: Blood glucose meters and HbA1c tests.
  • System-level: Dilated fundi examination.
• Medicines: Insulin and Metformin available at primary care.
• Procedures: Renal Replacement Therapy (dialysis) is available, but Retinal Photocoagulation and other advanced foot/vascular examinations are not broadly available.

5. Last Notes

• Risk Factor Data: Comprehensive national surveys for related factors have yet been conducted.
• WHO Report Status: The profile data originates from the World Health Organization Diabetes Country Profiles report of 2016.