国际清算银行-阿特拉斯项目：绘制去中心化金融世界地图（英）-2023.10-40页_5mb

Summary of Project Atlas Report

Executive Summary

Project Atlas is a data platform developed to analyze cryptocurrency and decentralized finance (DeFi) markets, focusing on macroeconomic relevance and cross-border flows. It aims to address data gaps in opaque crypto markets by fusing on-chain (blockchain) data with off-chain data from crypto exchanges. Central banks and regulators use the platform for structural analysis and risk assessment, with dashboards providing visual insights.

Project Goals and Motivation

• Crypto and DeFi markets lack transparency, with risks including data manipulation and insufficient regulatory oversight.
• Project Atlas provides granular, reliable data tailored to policymakers' needs, enabling better-informed decisions on financial stability.
• Motivation stems from the need for accurate data fusion, such as combining public ledger transactions with exchange-reported data, to assess macroeconomic implications and cross-border capital flows.

Architecture

• The platform uses a cloud sandbox with scalable infrastructure, implementing a medallion architecture (bronze, silver, gold layers) for data storage and processing.
• Data ingestion pipelines handle on-chain data (from blockchain nodes) and off-chain data, transforming and cleaning data for analytics.
• Analytics environment supports big data tools like Apache Spark and Databricks, offering tools for structural analysis and sensitivity checks, with dashboards for intuitive visualization.

Data Sources and Proof of Concept (PoC)

• Data Sources: Incorporate on-chain data (e.g., Bitcoin transactions from public ledgers) and off-chain data (e.g., trading volumes from exchanges). Use attribution data and clustering techniques to de-anonymize transactions.
• PoC Findings: Initial proof of concept models Bitcoin cross-border flows based on exchange locations, showing significant but lower-bound estimates. Key insights include the economic importance of inter-exchange flows and uneven global distribution, highlighting data gaps.

Dashboards and Visualization

• Dashboards display time-series data on on-chain transactions, cross-border flows (e.g., globe visualization), and comparisons between on-chain and off-chain activity.
• Users can interact with filters and drill-down features for ad-hoc and long-term analysis, supporting policymakers, analysts, and researchers in evaluating crypto market developments.

Conclusion and Next Steps

• Project Atlas serves as a foundational tool for central banks, enhancing technical capabilities and providing reliable data for regulatory initiatives.
• Future steps involve expanding to other blockchains, incorporating more data sources (e.g., Ethereum), seeking user feedback, and making the platform accessible to test users for iterative improvement.