亚洲净零转型期间的行为变化：来自中产阶级家庭消费的证据（英）-2023-64页_6mb

BACKGROUND
The report "Behavioral Changes during Asia’s Net Zero Transition: Evidence from Middle-Class Household Consumption," authored by Babette Never and colleagues, examines the role of consumers in achieving climate neutrality. It highlights that consumer-oriented measures can mitigate greenhouse gases by up to 70%. The middle class, especially in Asia, is pivotal due to their consumption growth and aspirational behaviors, which can influence market structures and social norms.

KEY FINDINGS

• The net zero transition requires incorporating consumer perspectives systematically.
• Lock-in effects of consumption habits are amplified as incomes rise, making early behavioral interventions crucial.
• Middle-class consumers, accounting for significant future consumption in Asia, can drive sustainable transitions through changing norms and aspirations.
• Current policies often overlook consumer demand and behavior; integrating sustainable consumption and production policies is essential.

POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS

• Use regulation and financial incentives for complex, costly behaviors.
• Employ behavioral insights for targeted, low-complexity interventions.
• Sequence policy measures based on sector characteristics and timing.
• Differentiate policies according to income groups and consumption capabilities to ensure a just transition.

DRIVERS AND CHALLENGES

• High environmental concern and knowledge among middle-class consumers present opportunities but are often coupled with action gaps.
• Status considerations and aspirational behaviors can hinder or support sustainable choices.
• Infrastructure and investment gaps must be addressed alongside consumer behavior changes.

INNOVATIVE POLICY EXAMPLES

• Nudges and social norms interventions to influence consumer choices.
• Pricing structures that encourage sustainable behaviors while maintaining equity.

The study underscores the necessity for cohesive policy packages that leverage both regulatory and behavioral tools to foster sustainable consumption across Asian economies.