东盟-东盟食品与营养安全报告2021第2卷-食品和营养安全国家概况（英）-116页_10mb

ASEAN Food and Nutrition Security Report 2021 Volume 2 Summary

Core Content

The ASEAN Food and Nutrition Security Report 2021 Volume 2 is a comprehensive document that provides detailed country profiles on food and nutrition security across all ASEAN Member States. It was developed with the support of the World Food Programme (WFP) and UNICEF, and includes contributions from various international organizations such as FAO, WHO, and Alive & Thrive. The report was endorsed by the ASEAN Health Cluster 1 (AHC 1) and adopted by the ASEAN Health Minister Meeting (AHMM). It was printed in preparation for the 15th AHMM and related meetings.

The report serves as a reference for understanding the current state of food and nutrition security in the region, highlighting key challenges, strategies, and progress made by each country. It outlines the nutrition targets set by the World Health Assembly in 2012, aiming to be achieved by 2025, including reductions in stunting, wasting, low birthweight, and anaemia, as well as exclusive breastfeeding and child overweight.

Main Viewpoints

• Food security is defined as the availability and accessibility of sufficient, safe, and nutritious food for all people, at all times.
• Food insecurity is a lack of consistent access to food, leading to poor dietary quality and health consequences.
• The report emphasizes the importance of equitable access to healthy and affordable food, as well as quality nutrition care.
• Double-duty actions are highlighted as interventions that can address both undernutrition and overweight, obesity, and diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) simultaneously.
• Nutrition equity is a central theme, focusing on opportunities and barriers within food and health systems that affect nutrition outcomes.
• Complementary feeding is a key strategy for improving the nutrition of children aged 6–23 months, ensuring they receive diverse, safe, and nutrient-dense foods alongside breastmilk.
• Infant and young child feeding is crucial, with a focus on exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and continued breastfeeding beyond.
• Micronutrient deficiencies are a major concern, especially for iron, zinc, vitamin A, folate, vitamin B12, and iodine, which are difficult to obtain in sufficient quantities without a diverse diet or fortification.
• Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly diet-related NCDs, are increasingly prevalent in the region, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory disease.
• Processed foods, especially ultra-processed ones, are linked to high levels of salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats, contributing to overweight, obesity, and chronic diseases.

Key Information

Country Profiles

Each ASEAN Member State provides a profile detailing:

• Current food and nutrition security status
• Key nutrition indicators (e.g., stunting, wasting, anaemia, low birthweight)
• Challenges faced in the food and nutrition sector
• Strategies and interventions to improve food and nutrition security
• Role of health systems, food systems, and community-based programs
• Data sources used for analysis, including DHS, MICS, and national surveys

Contributors

• ASEAN Member States: Each country has contributed data and insights through their national nutrition councils, health ministries, and related institutions.
• International Organizations:
  • UNICEF and WFP led the technical development and coordination.
  • FAO and WHO provided expertise in nutrition data, food systems, and health policy.
  • Alive & Thrive contributed technical support and programme coordination.
• ASEAN Secretariat: Played a central role in guiding the report development, coordinating with member states, and ensuring alignment with regional goals.

Technical Support

• The technical writer was Jessica White, a UNICEF consultant.
• Dr. Jessica Blankenship and Dr. Roland Kupka provided strategic direction and supervision.
• WFP contributed additional insights and support for printing.
• Indicator definitions and glossary were included to enhance clarity and understanding of nutrition-related terms.

Structure and Format

• The report is organized into country profiles for Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam.
• It includes acknowledgements, acronyms, glossary, and annex sections for indicator definitions.
• Photo credits and contact information are provided for further inquiries.

Conclusion

This report is a valuable resource for policymakers, health professionals, and stakeholders in the ASEAN region, offering a detailed overview of food and nutrition security across the 10 member states. It underscores the importance of integrated approaches, equity in nutrition access, and prevention of both undernutrition and NCDs through double-duty actions and targeted interventions. The report also highlights the role of international collaboration in addressing nutrition challenges and improving public health outcomes.